A field survey was conducted following the Deepwater Horizon blowout and it was noted that resulting coastal petroleum deposits possessed distinct geometries, ranging from small tar balls to expansive horizontal oil sheets. A subsequent laboratory study evaluated the effect of oil deposit geometry on localized gradients of electron acceptors and microbial community composition, factors that are...

On April 26, 1996, Public Law 104-134 was Chart 1 .-Payment volume, by type of disbursement, fiscal year 1997 enacted, requiring all Federal payments except tax refunds be issued electronically by January 2, 1999, thus beginning a new era in electronic N Federal tax 10.5% funds transfer (EFT). This legislation, the Debt Collection Improvement Act of 1996-part of the Omnibus Consolidated Resciss...

4 Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS UMR 5176, 4 avenue du Petit Château, 5 91 800 Brunoy, France 6 7 Abstract 8 9 We analysed by an optical method (the small volume method) the composition 10 and the vertical distribution of an organic soil which accumulated over an old petroleum 11 tar deposit. The study site was an oil refinery now colonised by woody vegetation since 12 the time of a...

Modern use of petroleum-derived oils as agricultural crop protectants dates back to the 1800s, but it was not until the latter half of the 20th century that advances in petroleum chemistry allowed substantial modification and diversification in their commercial applicability. In the 1880s, a kerosene–soap emulsion was used with some success against scales and aphids in citrus trees. The search ...

In 1975, Social Security beneficiaries were given the option of having their monthly benefit payments sent directly to their banks through an electronic funds transfer system. Since then, beneficiaries have been enrolling in this program in rapidly increasing numbers. At the end of 1976, fewer than 5 million beneficiaries--14 percent of the total--were enrolled in the program. By the end of 198...