abstract background: consideration of patient autonomy is an essential element in individualized, patient‑centered, ethical care. internal and external factors associated with patient autonomy are related to culture and it is not clear what they are in iran. the aim of this study was to explore contextual factors affecting the autonomy of patients in iranian hospitals. materials and methods: th...

Individualistic traditions of autonomy have long been critiqued by feminists for their atomistic and asocial presentation human agents. Relational approaches to were developed as an alternative these views. accounts generally capture a more socially informed picture agents, aim differentiate between social phenomena that are conducive our agency versus those pose hindrance agency. In this artic...

Advancements in machine learning have fuelled the popularity of using AI decision algorithms procedures such as bail hearings (Feller et al. 2016), medical diagnoses (Rajkomar 2018; Esteva 2019) and recruitment (Heilweil 2019, Van Esch 2019). Academic articles (Floridi 2018), policy texts (HLEG 2019), popularizing books (O'Neill 2016, Eubanks 2018) alike warn that tend to be _opaque_: they do n...