Microbial abundance and diversity in deep subsurface environments is dependent upon the availability of energy and carbon. However, supplies of oxidants and reductants capable of sustaining life within mafic and ultramafic continental aquifers undergoing low-temperature water-rock reaction are relatively unknown. We conducted an extensive analysis of the geochemistry and microbial communities r...

Thermodynamic calculation of partial melting of peridotite using of the results of calculations of peridotite melting using MELTS, there are a number of shortcomings to application of this thermothe MELTS algorithm has the potential to aid understanding of a wide range of problems related to mantle melting. We review the dynamic model to calculations of mantle melting. In particular, calculated...

Within the framework of responsible mining, a SOLSA project (www.solsa-mining.eu) to develop an in-situ tool allowing a quick mineralogical identification of site drill cores has been recently launched. Its objective is to develop new or improved highly-efficient and cost-effective, sustainable exploration technologies. It combines and integrates nondestructive sensors: X-ray fluorescence, X-ra...

The nature of source rocks of basaltic magmas plays a fundamental role in understanding the composition, structure and evolution of the solid earth. However, identification of source lithology of basalts remains uncertainty. Using a parameterization of multi-decadal melting experiments on a variety of peridotite and pyroxenite, we show here that a parameter called FC3MS value (FeO/CaO-3*MgO/SiO...

Ocean basins are formed when continents are broken apart. Adiabatic melt generation that is driven by rifting of continental lithosphere is strongly dependent on the rate of extension. Slow extension results in conductive heat loss from the upwelling mantle, whereas cooling is limited during fast extension and can result in the geotherm intersecting the peridotite solidus. However, there are fe...

melting. This too can be demonstrated both by MELTS calculations We present a rigorous calculation of the isobaric entropy (S) change and by calculations in simple model systems. Productivities for of the melting reaction for peridotite (∂S/∂F ) P , where F is the systems enriched in incompatible components are systematically melt fraction. Calculations at 1 and 2 GPa for fertile and depleted l...

Boninites are unusual island arc volcanic rocks with high MgO (>9%), high Si0 2 (>55%) contents, and exceptionally low TiO 2 (<0.4%) contents. High MgO contents, MgO/(MgO + EFeO), Ni, Cr and Co contents indicate that boninites have equilibrated with mantle peridotite. Experimental petrologic studies and high Cr/(Cr + Al) in spinels in boninites suggest that they have separated from extremely re...

Experimental approaches attempt to determine the routes by which crustal carbonatite magmas can be derived from C02-bearing peridotite at high pressures. The intimate association of kimberlite and carbonatite on a small scale il· lustrates links in the processes. Carbonation of peridotite by C02 can cause the generation of near-solidus carbonatitic liquid from mantle peridotite at depths greate...