Penstock, a closed conduit, is an important component of hydropower projects. Various optimum design of penstock. These methods are either based on friction loss in the penstock. These formulae formulae available for penstock design have been compared the optimum design of penstock based on minimizing developed method, diameter and annual cost of penstocks out and reduction in annual cost of pe...

The effects of acoustic modes in the penstock on the self-excited oscillation in hydraulic power system were studied by assuming a finite sound velocity in the penstock. The flow in the draft tube is considered to be incompressible assuming that the length of the draft tube is smaller than the wavelength of the oscillation. It was found that various acoustic modes in the penstock can become uns...

Due to electricity market deregulation, the contribution of hydroelectric power plants to secondary control becomes of major interest regarding the electrical grid stability. Besides the grid stability improvements obtained with secondary control, the power utilities are more and more concerned by the influence of the constantly changing power set point on the lifetime of the power plant compon...

Fast response of hydraulic turbines is a key condition for the integration of renewable sources of energy. In this paper, a new start-up strategy is proposed for hydraulic turbines prone to ”S” instability. This method is based on a complete nonlinear model of the turbine together with the upstream water pipe. More precisely, the control strategy is based on a gain scheduling approach that is c...

The displacement of conventional generation in favor stochastic renewable requires increasing regulation duties from the remaining dispatchable resources. In high- and medium-head hydropower plants (HPPs), providing services to grid frequently changing plant’s set-point causes water hammer, which engenders pressure stress transients within pressurized conduits, especially penstock, damaging it ...