Quantifying the effects of crosswalk length and signal timing on pedestrian walking speed is an important requirement for providing a rational safety assessment and improving existing operational policies at signalized intersections. This study investigates the effects of pedestrian green time (PG), crosswalk length and pedestrian crossing direction on pedestrian walking speed at signalized cro...

Quantifying effects of crosswalk length and signal timing on pedestrians’ presence position and timing is an important requirement for evaluating the probability of conflict. It can be utilized to provide a rational safety assessment and improve existing operational policies at signalized intersections. This study investigates the effects of crosswalk length and pedestrian green time on the spa...

The operational efficiency and safety of pedestrian flows at intersections is an important aspect of urban traffic. Particularly, conflicts between pedestrians and vehicles in crosswalk are one of the most influential factors for intersection safety. This paper presents a cellular automata model that simulates pedestrian and vehicle crossing behaviors at signalized intersections. Through the si...

This paper presents the calibration of a pedestrian simulation model for simulating pedestrian movements at a selected signalized crosswalk in Hong Kong. This model is able to estimate the variations of walking speed particularly under conditions with bi-directional pedestrian flows. A simulation software package, Service Model, was adopted to develop the pedestrian simulation model for the sel...

Research Objective Recent statistical data of traffic accidents reveals that pedestrian fatalities are a particular priority in Europe and Japan. To realize zero-traffic accident society, the objective of this paper is to develop a driver assistance system for pedestrian collision prevention based on using a monocular camera. Methodology As the concept of the system, moving objects on and nearb...

Previous studies have shown that roundabouts - especially multilane roundabouts - pose accessibility challenges to pedestrians with vision impairments, in part due to a lack of yielding by drivers, especially on multilane roundabout exit legs. In this study, three different treatments are assessed in terms of their propensity for increasing driver yielding rate using a driving simulator. These ...

Pedestrian-vehicle conflicts are considered as one of the most common safety problems at signalized intersections. The threat to pedestrian safety is mainly related to the interaction with turning vehicles, especially left-turners (left-hand traffic). This paper aims at analyzing the lag/gap acceptance behavior of left-turning vehicles considering pedestrian movement at signalized crosswalks. F...

CONTEXT Motor vehicles struck and killed 4739 pedestrians in the United States in the year 2000. Older pedestrians are at especially high risk. OBJECTIVE To determine whether crosswalk markings at urban intersections influence the risk of injury to older pedestrians. DESIGN Case-control study in which the units of study were crossing locations. SETTING Six cities in Washington and Califor...

Pedestrian safety is a serious concern at busy intersections and pedestrian campuses across the nation. Although crosswalks and signs inform pedestrians where to cross, there is no standard protocol for pedestrians to signal drivers that they wish to use the crosswalks, except to stand in or at the crosswalk. We examined the effects of two pedestrian prompts, a raised hand and extended arm, on ...

This study compares, on a simulator, drivers' performance (eye fixations and yielding behavior) at marked mid-block crosswalks in multi-threat scenarios when the crosswalks have advance yield markings and pedestrian crosswalk prompt signs versus their performance in such scenarios when the crosswalks have standard markings. Advance yield markings and prompt signs in multi-threat scenarios lead ...