introduction: nowadays,  considerable developments  in  the field  of  radiotherapy have  been  achieved.  they  include  the  advances  made  in  the  equipments  and  treatment  planning  techniques  which  require  highly complex calculations. such achievements have made it possible to treat cancer patients not only  with  higher  radiation  dose  but  also  with  higher  precision  and  con...

BACKGROUND Numerous studies have demonstrated that patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have a higher prevalence of substantia nigra (SN) hyperechogenicity compared with controls. Our aim was to explore the neuroimaging characteristics of transcranial sonography (TCS) of patients with PD and those with PD with dementia (PDD). The correlation between the echogenicity of the SN and clinical sym...

Porous dielectric discharge (PDD) is a critical phenomenon in plasma catalysis, biomedical tissue surface functionalization, and all-solid-state battery design. The constant of porous (PD) significantly impacts characteristics breakdown mechanisms across different applications. However, the complex spatial structure media presents challenges diagnosing simulating PDD, limiting our understanding...

Introduction: Nowadays,  considerable developments  in  the field  of  radiotherapy have  been  achieved.  They  include  the  advances  made  in  the  equipments  and  treatment  planning  techniques  which  require  highly complex calculations. Such achievements have made it possible to treat cancer patients not only  with  higher  radiation  dose  but  also  with  higher  precision  and  con...

OBJECTIVE To identify a panel of peripheral inflammatory/immune mediators that could discriminate Parkinson disease with dementia (PDD) from Parkinson disease (PD) without dementia. METHODS Plasma samples from 52 patients with PD and 22 patients with PDD were prepared from freshly collected blood following an institutional review board-approved protocol. A total of 160 proteins were measured ...

IMPORTANCE Alterations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been found in Parkinson disease (PD) and in PD dementia (PDD), but the prognostic importance of such changes is not well known. In vivo biomarkers for disease processes in PD are important for future development of disease-modifying therapies. OBJECTIVE To assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of a panel of CSF biomarkers in patien...

PURPOSE To calculate the output factor (OPF) of any irregularly shaped electron beam at extended SSD. METHODS Circular cutouts were prepared from 2.0 cm diameter to the maximum possible size for 15 × 15 applicator cone. In addition, two irregular cutouts were prepared. For each cutout, percentage depth dose (PDD) at the standard SSD and doses at different SSD values were measured using 6, 9, ...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) and transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) among different urologists. PATIENTS AND METHODS The selected data consists of 194 patients, 268 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-induced PDD procedures and 934 biopsies. Tumors were resected and biopsies were taken from suspicious areas under guidan...