the newly found chah?r t?qi of mileh milehgeh is one of the fire-temples of the sassanian era that was built, like other fire-temples of that time, with pieces of rock and plaster. this chah?r t?qi which is the remaining core of a larger building consists of four stone walls of different sizes surrounded by a round corridor. inside this fire-temple there is a raised platform for setting up fire...

A brief history of air pollution Accounts of air pollution in the UK date back to the 13 century. Early occurrences resulted from rapid population growth, urbanisation and changes in fuel use – in particular the medieval switch from wood to coal, especially in brick kilns and domestic fireplaces. Coal combustion in industrial furnaces, boilers and, above all, in domestic fireplaces, was the mai...

This paper explores why Iran was a particularly fertile ground for repeated visitation of cholera in the 19th century. Along with certain unique Iranian cultural and religious factors, the author demonstrates how Iranian urban ecology, particularly the qanat system, contributed to the fatal spread of the epidemic. These multi-faceted conditions, the author concludes, resulted in distinct modes ...

A major part of the body of mathematical knowledge from the Vedic period that has come down to us is from the Śulvasūtras. The Śulvasūtras are compositions aimed at providing instruction on the principles involved and procedures of construction of the vedis (altars) and agnis (fireplaces) for the performance of the yajnas, which were a key feature of the Vedic culture. The fireplaces were const...

Breathing polluted air is a risk to respiratory conditions. During the Greek financial crisis, use of household fireplaces/wood stoves shifted from mostly decorative actual domestic heating, resulting in increased indoor smoke production. We aimed evaluate pollution (HAP), fuel and symptoms rural Crete, Greece. PM2.5 CO were measured 32 purposively selected households (cross-sectional study) at...

A Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain (UCBPP-PA14) is infectious both in an Arabidopsis thaliana leaf infiltration model and in a mouse full-thickness skin burn model. UCBPP-PA14 exhibits ecotype specificity for Arabidopsis, causing a range of symptoms from none to severe in four different ecotypes. In the mouse model, UCBPP-PA14 is as lethal as other well-studied P. aeruginosa strains. Mutations in ...