governments around the worlds especially in developing countries face with tremendous challenges.  high or moderate rate of corruption can be named as one of the most important of these challenges.  corruption and its inefficiency can deviate resources allocation to unproductive sectors of economy. trust in social networks or within the society has two antithetic effects in deployment of corrup...

This study uses a factorial vignette design embedded in an Internet survey to investigate attitudes toward an adult child and parent living together in response to economic hardship. Over half of Americans said the desirability of intergenerational co-residence depends on particularistic aspects of the family, notably the quality of family relationships. Support for co-residence is greatest whe...

Substantial research documents the determinants of entry into the academic career, yet little is known about how these determinants have evolved over time. Using data from a large sample of Korean scholars who received their doctoral degrees between 1980 and 2010, we estimate discrete-time event history models of transitioning to an academic position in any academic field. Results indicate that...

in this, paper, i am going to present an argument in favour of generalism and criticise the particularistic position in moral reasoning... according to generalism which is associated with supervenience, the way in which a morlly relevant feature contributes to the moral evaluation of different contexts is patternable. however, a particularist like dancy utilizes the very idea of resultance  ins...

Are we justified when we care more about "our own kind" than about all others? Some scholars have tried to provide an answer based on what they consider human nature. Others--on self-interest. The author examines the implications of the constitutive roles community has in our life for this question, as well as the differences it makes when considering what kind of human flourishing we deem of v...

Abstract Following a decade in which German labour migration policy has developed towards universalistic regime that applied similar conditions most third country nationals applying for admission, we observe slow but steady return of ethnic selectivity and particularistic features this area. Although human capital remains centrepiece the bundle regulations institutional settings govern process ...

during three last decades some modem ethical philosophers, called ,communitarians, reviving aristotelian virtualistic ethics, have criticized intensively ethical and political views of utilitarian and new kantian liberalism. this ,doctrine emphasizing on political ethical , and psychological importance of correlations to societies believes that ethical arguments and judgments must derive from c...