this paper examines paradox in the symbols of the poem unsh?dat al-matar (‘song of rain’), composed by sh?kir al-sayy?b. it also investigates how meaning is developed in these symbols. in the symbols in this poetry, paradoxical themes like happiness and grief, rain and drought, and life and death emerge. the onomatopoeia ‘rain’, which forms the central image of this poetry, has the same paradox...

OBJECTIVE Based on the present authors' research and several approaches to grief related to loss by death and nonmalignant chronic pain, the paper suggests a new integrated theoretical framework for intervention in clinical settings. METHODS An open qualitative review of the literature on grief theories was performed searching for a new integrated approach in the phenomenological tradition. W...

emotional complain is derived from the human being inner pains and grief. hafiz ibrahim poetry is full of cries and yells because of happiness loss in his life. he has experimented poverty and difficulty and heard the oppressed people complians and shared with them. a strong relationship between his chosen vocabulary and his grief can be seen that the reader would understand the depth of his sa...

Suicide often has a severe impact on the surviving family and friends. There is a need to better understand the psychological and psychopathological consequences of losing a significant other by suicide. The aim of the present study was to assess hopelessness, depression, suicide risk, complicated grief, intrusive memories, and avoidance in a sample of suicide survivors. In this observational s...

the mystics' approach towards the subject of happiness has been originated from quranic verses and divine narrations. in religious resources, admirable happiness, noticing to the benefactor, thanking him, and god's satisfaction will be followed. but indecent happiness is raised from sensual motivations cause ignorance of the benefactor and also inebriation, vanity and deviation. based...

BACKGROUND Confronting the loss of a loved one leads us to the core questions of human existence. Bereaved parents have to deal with the rupture of a widely shared concept of what is perceived to be the natural course of life and are forced into meaning reconstruction. OBJECTIVE This study aims to expand upon existing work concerning specific themes of meaning reconstruction in a sample of be...

The current cross-cultural study investigated grief reactions of bereaved individuals following the death of a pet. We used qualitative methodology to compare, analyze, and report responses of U.S. and French Canadian participants to the last open-ended question on our online pet loss survey. We explored the degree to which our data illustrated pet loss as disenfranchised grief and asked whethe...

urbanisation is still one of the social themes in developing countries. in china, the rapid process of urbanisation and economic growth bring to people not only more opportunities for creating new life and pursuing happiness, but also the challenge to face various and complex social, economical and environmental problems. among them some are outstanding, like the shrinking plowland devoured by ...