The propenies of composites made by placing inclusions in a matrix are often controlled by the shape and size of the panicles used. Mathematically, characterizing the shape of panicles in three dimensions is not a panicularly easy task, especially when the panicle, for whatever reason, cannot be readily visualized. But, even when panicles can be visualized, as in the case of aggregates used in ...

Jasmonic acid (JA) is involved in plant development and the defense response. Transgenic overexpression of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) jasmonic acid carboxyl methyltransferase gene (AtJMT) linked to the Ubi1 promoter increased levels of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) by 6-fold in young panicles. Grain yield was greatly reduced in Ubi1:AtJMT plants due to a lower numbers of spikelets and low...

during spring and summer of 2012, a disease characterized by panicle blight was observed on some pistachio (pistacia vera l.) trees grown in kerman province. eighteen isolates of a botryosphaeriaceae were obtained from affected panicles. based on morphological and molecular characteristics, isolates were identified as botrysphaeria dothidea. to our knowledge, this is the first report of b. doth...

A cDNA clone, OsLRK1, encoding a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase was isolated from the immature panicles of rice. The OsLRK1 protein was composed of a leucine-rich extracellular ligand-binding domain, a membrane-spanning segment, and a cytoplasmic kinase domain. The OsLRK1 protein showed the highest sequence homology with Arabidopsis CLV1. The OsLRK1 transcript was present at a...

Grain yield in rice is a complex trait multiplicatively determined by its three component traits: number of panicles, number of grains per panicle, and grain weight; all of which are typical quantitative traits. The developments in genome mapping, sequencing, and functional genomic research have provided powerful tools for investigating the genetic and molecular bases of these quantitative trai...

The head smut fungus, Sporisorium reilianum ([Kuhn] Landon and Fullerton), was shown to reduce plant height in infected Sorghum bicolor ([L.] Moench) plants. The major reductions occurred in the internodes nearest the panicle and were more severe in naturally infected than in inoculated plants. Less affected plants developed reproductively sterile panicles, and eventually smutted panicles devel...

Using the serial analysis of gene expression technique, we surveyed transcriptomes of three major tissues (panicles, leaves, and roots) of a super-hybrid rice (Oryza sativa) strain, LYP9, in comparison to its parental cultivars, 93-11 (indica) and PA64s (japonica). We acquired 465,679 tags from the serial analysis of gene expression libraries, which were consolidated into 68,483 unique tags. Fo...

Isabgol is a medicinal plant known for its high-quality dietary fiber. The genetics and inheritance of economic characters, such as number of panicles, panicle length, seed yield, and swelling factor, were measured by diallel analysis of F(1) progenies from seven parents. The additive component of genetic variance was significant for days to flowering, plant height, branches/plant, peduncle len...

Thirty advanced breeding lines of deep-water rice were evaluated during T. Aman season (rainfed ecosystem) with a view to finding out variability and genetic association for grain yield and its component characters. All the tested characters showed significant variation. The highest genetic variability was obtained in filled grains/panicle followed by plant height. Panicles/plant, filled grains...

Monitoring the components of crop canopies with remote sensing can help us understand the within-canopy variation in spectral properties and resolve the sources of uncertainties in the spectroscopic estimation of crop foliar chemistry. To date, the spectral properties of leaves and panicles in crop canopies and the shadow effects on their spectral variation remain poorly understood due to the i...