There is a general inverse relationship between the natural logarithm of tooth area (a body size indicator) of some fossil mammals and paleotemperature during approximately 2.9 million years of the early Eocene in the Bighorn Basin of northwest Wyoming. When mean temperatures became warmer, tooth areas tended to become smaller. During colder times, larger species predominated; these generally b...

6.15.8 PALEOTEMPERATURE STUDIES USING THE ALKENONE METHOD 413 6.15.8.1 Holocene High-resolution Studies 414 6.15.8.2 Millennial-scale Events of the Late Pleistocene and Last Glacial Termination 415 6.15.8.3 Marine Temperatures during the LGM 417 6.15.8.4 SST Records of the Late Pleistocene Ice Age Cycles 420 6.15.8.5 SST before the Late Pleistocene 421 6.15.8.6 Comparison with other Proxies: dO...

Present-day correlations between leaf physiognomic traits (shape and size) and climate are widely used to estimate paleoclimate using fossil floras. For example, leaf-margin analysis estimates paleotemperature using the modern relation of mean annual temperature (MAT) and the site-proportion of untoothed-leaf species (NT). This uniformitarian approach should provide accurate paleoclimate recons...

The detection of anthropogenic climate change in observations and the validation of climate models both rely on understanding natural climate variability. To evaluate internal climate variability, we apply spectral analysis to time series of surface air temperature (SAT) from nine coupled general circulation model (GCM) simulations, three recent global paleotemperature reconstructions, and Nort...

[1] The recent development of foraminiferal Mg/Ca as a paleotemperature proxy has enabled the extraction of global ice volume and local salinity from the more traditional paleotemperature proxy dO. The benthic foraminiferal genus Cibicidoides is widely used in paleoceanographic reconstructions because of its epifaunal habitat and cosmopolitan distribution, and it has received early attention in...