OBJECTIVE Prolonged alveolar air leak (PAAL) is a frequent occurrence after lobectomy or lesser resections. The resulting complications and their impact are not well understood. Our aims are to prospectively determine the incidence and severity of PAAL after pulmonary resection using the Thoracic Morbidity & Mortality classification system and to identify risk factors. METHODS A prospective c...

Objectives: Despite increasing evidence supportive of the effectiveness of coaching there are no studies which demonstrate that the benefits flow on to improvements in objective performance as assessed by evaluators blind to participation in the coaching. This study examined the efficacy of two coaching programmes on independently assessed performance. Design: A double-blind random control tria...

BACKGROUND The classical Paal-Knorr reaction is one of the simplest and most economical methods for the synthesis of biologically important and pharmacologically useful pyrrole derivatives. RESULTS Polystyrenesulfonate-catalyzed simple synthesis of substituted pyrroles following Paal-Knorr reaction has been accomplished with an excellent yield in aqueous solution. This method also produces py...

MOST of the phosphatides are chemically not very stable, Decomposition can occur by oxidation of the unsaturated fatty acids or by hydrolysis. Investigations on this point have been carried out by numerous workers [Warburg and Meyerhof, 1913; Paal, 1929; Page and Schmidt, 1931; Fiori, 1930, 1, 2; 1931; 1932]. In the present paper some observations on the spontaneous decomposition of lecithin ar...

A conceptually novel nanoparticle-supported and magnetically recoverable organocatalyst has been developed, which is readily prepared from inexpensive starting materials in a truly sustainable manner; which catalyzes the Paal-Knorr reaction with high yield in pure aqueous medium that avoids the use of toxic organic solvents, even in the workup step.

The first synthesis of marinopyrrole B, which is highly active against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, is described. The route involved constructing a pyrrole ring on the nitrogen of a 3-bromo-4,5-dichloropyrrole by N-alkylation with a special Michael acceptor having an allylic leaving group; the second pyrrole ring was then formed by a Paal-Knorr reaction.

BACKGROUND Rates of preventive follow-up asthma care after an acute emergency department (ED) visit are low among inner-city children. We implemented a novel behavioral asthma intervention, Pediatric Asthma Alert (PAAL) intervention, to improve outpatient follow-up and preventive care for urban children with a recent ED visit for asthma. OBJECTIVE The objective of this article is to describe ...

Nine pyrrole-containing compounds were designed introducing reasonable structural novelties within the framework of the architecture of confirmed tuberculostatics. The new products were synthesized via adopted Paal-Knorr cyclization by condensation of three 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds with a set of substituted anilines, acting as primary amines. Preliminary in vitro tests have already registered e...