This paper considers whether lottery betting is best explained by risk-love or an alternative to the expected utility model, namely, the overweighting of small odds. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to use the common setting of state lottery betting to investigate the fit of expected utility theory against an alternative model of non-linear probability weighting. Our results show ...

The optimal perceptual decision making strategy for weighting serially presented information depends on the degree of sample dependence. Uniform weighting produces optimal estimates from independent samples, but increases in autocorrelation should be matched by increasing and symmetric overweighting of early and late samples in order to maintain optimal performance. In the current experiment, p...

Rational decision making under uncertainty requires forming beliefs that integrate prior and new information through Bayes' rule. Human decision makers typically deviate from Bayesian updating by either overweighting the prior (conservatism) or overweighting new information (e.g. the representativeness heuristic). We investigated these deviations through measurements of electrocortical activity...

Informational cascades can occur when rationally acting individuals decide independently of their private information and follow the decisions of preceding decision-makers. In the process of updating beliefs, differences in the weighting of private and publicly available social information may modulate the probability that a cascade starts in a decisive way. By using functional magnetic resonan...

background: it is necessary to get information on nutrition situation in children and epidemiology of the malnutrition to use for planning and health policy making, therefore this study aimed to identify the role of human development on nutrition situation in children under-five years of old worldwide.methods: this ecological study was performed on the relation of the nutrition situation of chi...