corn steep water as effluent which arrives in environment from starch processing industry has adverse effects on the environment and also large volume of fresh water is wasted. corn step water is composed of high concentration of proteins, sugar, starch, vitamin and minerals, so it can be used as substrate for production of biological products. hence, corn steep water concentration is important...

Corn steep water as effluent which arrives in environment from starch processing industry has adverse effects on the environment and also large volume of fresh water is wasted. Corn step water is composed of high concentration of proteins, sugar, starch, vitamin and minerals, so it can be used as substrate for production of biological products. Hence, corn steep water concentration is important...

Background & objectives: Nowadays, according to membrane-based filtration processes; the use of substances such as antiscalants that prevents the formation of deposits during the treatment process, is very important from industrial point of view. This study aimed to synthesize styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (PSMA) using the radical polymerization method and to investigate the factors and pa...

This second part of the overview of reverse osmosis investigates the ability of membrane transport models, presented in Part 1, to describe and/or predict membrane performance under different operating conditions. The problem of using the transport models to describe mixed solute systems is also discussed. The emphasis is to provide a simple, practical, and yet comprehensive summary of the most...

Osmosis is the movement of solvent across a membrane induced by a solute-concentration gradient. It is very important for cell biology. Recently, it has started finding technological applications in the emerging processes of Forward Osmosis and Pressure-Retarded Osmosis. They use ultrathin and dense membranes supported mechanically by much thicker porous layers. Until now, these processes have ...

In recent years, membrane technology has been widely used in wastewater treatment and water purification. Membrane technology is simple to operate and produces very high quality water for human consumption and industrial purposes. One of the promising technologies for water and wastewater treatment is the application of forward osmosis. Essentially, forward osmosis is a process in which water i...

akin type (asymmetric) reverse osmosis membranes undergo an irreversible osmotic dehydration upon coming into contact (skin side) with salt solutions. the extent of consequent changes (in appearance; decrease in linear dimension, water flux and salt rejection) are dependent on the salt concentration. these observations are correlated with the expected morphological changes taking place during d...

one of the most important concerns in tehran municipal landfill is the production of leachate and its potential for water resources pollution, this study was undertaken to examine feasibility of biological and physico/chemical treating of high-strength landfill leachate that was collected from tehran municipal landfill. average cod of the leachate in aerobic submerged membrane bioreactor is 68...

The osmotic effect arising across a porous membrane separating the solution of an electrolyte from water (or a more dilute solution) is ordinarily due to both normal osmosis, as it occurs also with non-electrolytes, and to "anomalous" osmosis. It is shown that the normal osmotic component cannot be measured quantitatively by the conventional comparison with a non-electrolytic reference solute. ...

background: reverse osmosis (ro) is an increasingly common method of desalination. a full scale water desalination system by membrane technology (ro) evaluated in a southern city (jask) in iran. methods: first, data collection on water supply and network were performed. analysis on most of the water quality parameters (turbidity, ph, ec, cl-, na+, alkalinity, ca, na, k, no3, no2, fe, mg, mn, nh...