Interrelationships, origin and phylogenetic affinities of brown trout Salmo trutta populations from the southern Caspian Sea basin, Orumieh and Namak Lake basins in Iran were analysed from complete mtDNA control region sequences, 12 microsatellite loci and morphological characters. Among 129 specimens from six populations, seven haplotypes were observed. Based on mtDNA haplotype data, the Orumi...

orumieh lake due to economic, tourism, microclimate effect, agricultural activities have an important role in the northwest of iran. this lake basin area is 52700 km2 with 102 islands, as known a familiar it as known one of the protected areas, with 186 species of birds, and animals. the water of lake is very salty (240 gr in winter and 260gr in summer) and fluctuation of lake water level threa...

the discharge data used for hydrological modeling should be the long-term suitable random data without trend and jump which is followed a specific statistical distribution. in this study, the above mentioned conditions were evaluated for 31 years period (1974-2004) of annual mean discharge data of 10 gauging stations of west azarbaijan province. for this purpose, the non-parametric spearman cor...

to improve commercial grapevine cultivars, it is necessary to apply such methods that by cultivation of a certain number of vines in a certain area, higher yield could be harvested. to achieve such a goal, healthy stocks with resistant to pests and diseases, high fructification and high quality of vines are needed. all these properties can be obtained successfully through clonal selection. viti...

a) Water Resources Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, 02015 HUT, Finland (emails: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]) b) Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Mechelininkatu 34a, 00251 Helsinki, Finland (email: [email protected]) c) Environmental Impact Assessment Centre of Finland Ltd (EIA Ltd), Tekniikanti...

nature has always proven that it is able to overcome its problems. however, humanmanipulation has led to environmental degradations. the dryness of a thousand-year urmia lake(a brine water lake in iran) is an example of environmental degradation that happened due tosuccessive droughts and construction of dams on the basin of this lake. this study examinesmethods for the revival of urmia lake by...

fruit yield efficiency and some vegetative characteristics of commercial and spur type apple. cultivars was evaluated in dr. nakhjavani field station, orumieh, iran, in 2008 and 2009 growing seasons. apple cultivars included: red spur, red chief, golden spur, yellow spur, fujii, red delicious, cooper spur, red cooper spur, jonathan, golden delicious, oregon spur, jonagold. the experimental desi...