performance appraisal systems are affected by organizational social context. social context consists of tow factors, distal variables, and, proximal variables. distal factors include but are not limited to organizational culture, organizational structure, and, values. proximal variable categorize as both process factors and structural factors. in this paper the process factors were examined. th...

background: ethical leadership represents the leader's proactive efforts to influence followers' ethical and unethical behavior and follower work attitudes such as perceived organizational support, affective commitment and normal behaviors. the purpose of this research was to test the relationship of ethical leadership and ethical context with affective commitment that mediating the r...

The goal of this article is to highlight the dimensions characterizing the socialization process in a crisis context. Based on the definition of organizational socialization advanced by Van Maanen and Schein (1979) and again employed by Jones (1986), a crisis is presented as a passage from a so-called “normal” situation to an “exceptional” situation. A crisis represents a socialization context ...