Due to uncertain nature of grade in ore deposits, considering uncertainty is inevitable in geological modelling of resources and mine planning. In other words, uncertainty in grade of mineralized materials, is one of the most significant parameters need attention in mine planning. In this paper, a comparative procedure utilizing Sequential Gaussian Simulation (SGS) and traditional Ordinary Krig...

Mining companies world-wide are faced with the problem of how to accurately value and plan extraction projects subject to uncertainty in both future price and ore grade. Whilst the methodology of modelling price uncertainty is reasonably well understood, modelling ore-grade uncertainty is a much harder problem to formulate, and when attempts have been made the solutions take unfeasibly long tim...

This case study utilizes a value of information decision framework to provide mine managers guidance regarding the purchase of ore grade scanners. LKAB’s Kiruna mine produces three types of iron ore to meet long-term contractual agreements on a monthly basis. There is a priori uncertainty regarding the ore type in any given mineable section of the orebody. In addition, there is extracted ore ty...

With increasing global demand for nickel (which is a key component of stainless steel) the focus of mineral industry is currently on the abundant low-grade nickel laterite reserves. The extraction of nickel from the low-grade laterites is a technically difficult and expensive process and, as a result, the profitability of nickel production projects is highly affected by uncertainty over future ...

Nome placer offshore gold grade estimation is a challenging problem in light of extreme ore heterogeneity. However, this type of phenomenon is quite common in placer ore grade variation. Further, the characterization of spatial ore grade variability and subsequent ore grade modelling of the deposit becomes problematic due to the unavailability of adequate samples. Being located in the Arctic, t...

Truncated Gaussian Simulation (TGS) is a well-known method to generate realizations of the ore domains located in a spatial sequence. In geostatistical framework geological domains are normally utilized for stationary assumption. The ability to measure the uncertainty in the exact locations of the boundaries among different geological units is a common challenge for practitioners. As a simple a...

Ore grade estimation is a key aspect in the evaluation of a mineral deposit. In this paper an alternative approach to currently applied methods of ore grade estimation is presented. This alternative approach involves a modular neural network system integrated in a state of the art 3D resource modelling package. The need for a new method of ore grade estimation comes from the difficulties in app...

Ore grade is one of the main variables that characterise an orebody. Almost every mining project begins with the determination of ore grade distribution in three-dimensional space, a problem often reduced to modelling the spatial variability of ore grade values. So far, this has been achieved following the geostatistical approach, and more precisely, it’s main process of structural analysis. St...

truncated gaussian simulation (tgs) is a well-known method to generate realizations of the ore domains located in a spatial sequence. in geostatistical framework geological domains are normally utilized for stationary assumption. the ability to measure the uncertainty in the exact locations of the boundaries among different geological units is a common challenge for practitioners. as a simple a...