by shouldering the burden of a big chunk of global production, and giving shelter to half of the world’s population, currently cities play an important role in national economies. benefits of agglomeration in cities have played a major role in the process of economic development of different countries, however, the expansion of urbanization has produced some problems including environmental and...

Microlending, where a bank lends to small group of people without credit histories, began with the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh, and is widely seen as creation Muhammad Yunus, who received Nobel Peace Prize recognition his largely successful efforts. Since that time modeling microlending has fair amount academic attention. One issues not yet addressed full detail, however, issue size group. Some ...

We consider the problem of efficiently estimating size join a collection preprocessed relational tables from perspective instance optimality analysis. The running time optimal algorithms is comparable to minimum needed verify correctness solution. Previously, were only known when was small (as one component their linear in size). give an algorithm for all instances, including large, by removing...

the establishment of rational balance between number of users and productivity capacity of rangelands and suitable number of the folk in the ranch units is one of the necessities of the sustainable management of rangelands. also growth and efficiency of the productive factor would lead to the economical benefit maximum .this study was done in order to evaluate the optimal ranch size basis on th...

"In this paper, I examine the implications of the Rawlsian maximin criterion for optimal population size and intergenerational allocation of resource when fertility is endogenous. I show that whenever children are better-off than their parents in laissez-faire, then the size of the population and parental bequests are also optimal according to the Rawlsian criterion....I then show that by usi...

abstract: regarding the growing use of distributed generation resources, optimal design of these units is necessary in the power system especially in the distribution network. in this paper, cuckoo optimization algorithm with multiple purposes was used to determine optimal location and size of distributed generation resources. the investigated purposes include reducing line losses, reducing med...

the statistical analysis of spatial data is usually done under gaussian assumption for the underlying random field model. when this assumption is not satisfied, block bootstrap methods can be used to analyze spatial data. one of the crucial problems in this setting is specifying the block sizes. in this paper, we present asymptotic optimal block size for separate block bootstrap to estimate the...