OBJECTIVE There are also few studies demonstrating the relationship between ossification of nuchal ligament (ONL) and ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). We compared the prevalence, location, and type of OPLL between patients with ONL and matched patients without ONL.We also compared the bone mineral densities (BMDs) between the 2 groups. METHODS total of 124 cervical ONL ...

Axons of olfactory receptor cells (ORCs) grow from the olfactory epithelium (OE) to the olfactory bulb (OB), where they travel through the olfactory nerve layer (ONL) of the OB, reorganize extensively, and innervate specific synaptic targets in the glomeruli. Within the ONL a unique population of glial cells, the olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), surround ORC axon fascicles and accompany them...

Objective The nuchal ligament (NL) extends from the external occipital protuberance and median nuchal line to the spinous process of the 7th cervical vertebrae. In this study, we evaluated the incidence, location level, and size of ossifications of the NL (ONL) in patients who underwent cervical computed tomography (CT) for various reasons. Materials and Methods The present study included 481...

PURPOSE The outer nuclear layer (ONL) contains photoreceptor nuclei, and its thickness is an important biomarker for retinal degenerations. Accurate ONL thickness measurements are obscured in standard optical coherence tomography (OCT) images because of Henle fiber layer (HFL). Improved differentiation of the ONL and HFL boundary is made possible by using directional OCT, a method that purposef...

PURPOSE To describe the structural changes in the transition zone from relatively healthy retinal regions to severely affected regions in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) using frequency domain optical coherence tomography (fdOCT). METHODS FdOCT line scans of the horizontal meridian were obtained from one eye of 13 patients with RP and 30 control subjects. The patients had normal or ne...

PURPOSE We studied the correlation between outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness and cone density in normal eyes and eyes with retinitis pigmentosa (RP). METHODS Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) scans were acquired using a displaced pupil entry position of the scanning beam to distinguish Henle's fiber layer from the ONL in 20 normal eyes (10 subjects) and 12 eyes with RP (...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of selective rod and/or cone loss on frequency-domain optical coherence tomography (fdOCT) measures of photoreceptor structure in patients with retinal degenerative diseases. METHODS Six patients with cone dystrophy (CD) and eight patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) were recruited from the Southwest Eye Registry on the basis of diagnosis and ERG findings. f...