Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), a member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily, is myelin protein expressed at outermost lamellae sheaths and oligodendrocytes (OGD) memb...

Retinal axons in goldfish regenerate after optic nerve lesion, restore synaptic connections, and become myelinated by oligodendrocytes. The fate of oligodendrocytes during these events is not known and may require generation of new oligodendrocytes or dedifferentiation and redifferentiation of the existing ones. To determine the reaction of oligodendrocytes to optic nerve lesion, we used the te...

The serine/threonine kinase Akt regulates multiple cellular functions. The current studies identify a new role for Akt in CNS myelination. In earlier studies on cultured oligodendrocytes, we showed that neuregulin signals through phosphatidylinositol-3'-OH kinase and Akt to enhance survival of oligodendrocytes. However, when transgenic animals were generated that overexpressed constitutively ac...

Recent evidence from studies mapping the expression of putative oligodendrocyte progenitor specific mRNAs has suggested that oligodendrocyte progenitors arise during embryogenesis, in specific foci of the neuroectoderm. In order to test this hypothesis, we have assayed different regions of the embryonic central nervous system for their ability to generate oligodendrocytes following transplantat...

Within the microenvironment of multiple sclerosis lesions, oligodendrocytes are subject to metabolic stress reflecting effects of focal ischemia and inflammation. Previous studies have shown that under optimal conditions in vitro, the respiratory activity of human adult brain-derived oligodendrocytes is lower and more predominantly glycolytic compared to oligodendrocytes differentiated in vitro...

Imagine you had a really important message that to deliver your friend as quickly possible. Would send handwritten letter through the postal service would arrive in few days? Or an email, which gets delivered almost instantly? A neuron’s job is speedily messages across brain, spinal cord, and body. Neurons receive help with performing this from another kind of cell, called oligodendrocytes. In ...

Changes in oligodendrocytes and astrocytes following repeated brief periods of ischemia were studied in gerbils. The repeated brief periods of cerebral ischemia were produced by occlusion of bilateral common arteries for 3 x 3 min at 1-hour intervals. Oligodendrocytes and astrocytes in hippocampal CA1 regions were examined on 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after ischemia. Seven days after ischemia reperfu...

BACKGROUND Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) differentiate into oligodendrocytes (OLs), which are responsible for myelination. Myelin is essential for saltatory nerve conduction in the vertebrate nervous system. However, the molecular mechanisms of maturation and myelination by oligodendrocytes remain elusive. METHODS AND FINDINGS In the present study, we showed that maturation of oligod...

Considerable evidence has shown that the breakdown of myelin been linked to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Considering vulnerability oligodendrocytes disease, sheath and degeneration are easily induced, suggesting dysfunction could be first step in progression at early AD before occurrence amyloid tau pathology. It is considered β-peptide (Aβ)-mediated oligodendrocyte demyelination manifested throug...