Suomi NPP VIIRS SWIR band M11 (2.25 μm) has larger radiometric uncertainty compared to the rest of the reflective solar bands. This is due to a number of reasons including prelaunch calibration uncertainties. One of the most commonly used technique to verify the radiometric stability and accuracy of VIIRS is by intercomparing it with other well calibrated radiometers such as MODIS. However one ...

Low-temperature (6)Li, (13)C, and (15)N NMR spectroscopies reveal that mixtures of lithium cyclopropylacetylide or lithium phenylacetylide (RCCLi) and a vicinal amino alkoxide derived from camphor (R*OLi) in THF/pentane afford an asymmetric (RCCLi)(3)(R*OLi) mixed tetramer and a C(2)-symmetric (RCCLi)(2)(R*OLi)(2) mixed tetramer depending on the stoichiometries. The corresponding (RCCLi)(R*OLi)...

The Landsat 9 mission, currently under development and proceeding towards a targeted launch in late 2020, will be very similar to the Landsat 8 mission, launched in 2013. Like Landsat 8, Landsat 9 is a joint effort between NASA and USGS with two sensors, the Operational Land Imager 2 (OLI-2), essentially a copy of the OLI on Landsat 8 and the Thermal Infrared Sensor 2 (TIRS-2), very similar to ...

The Open Learning Initiative (OLI) is an open educational resources project at Carnegie Mellon University that began in 2002 with a grant from The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation. OLI creates web-based courses that are designed so that students can learn effectively without an instructor. In addition, the courses are often used by instructors to support and complement face-to-face classroo...

Thin cirrus clouds frequently contaminate images acquired with either Landsat 7 ETM+ or the earlier generation of Landsat series satellite instruments. The situation has changed since the launch of the Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) into space in 2013. OLI implemented a cirrus detecting channel (Band 9) centered within a strong atmospheric water vapor absorption band near 1.375 μm with...

Lee and Pun outline the OLI language as an accompaniment of the OLI multiparadigm programming design methodology. The OLI language integrates the object-oriented and the logic programming paradigms with a precise and well-balanced interface so that each paradigm shares an equal and cooperating partnership in problem analysis and problem solving. An important property of OLI is that programmers ...

Near-nadir observations by the Multispectral Instrument (MSI) onboard the Sentinel-2 and the Operational Land Imager (OLI) onboard Landsat 8 were collected during two Simultaneous Nadir Overpasses (SNO). Multispectral images with 10, 20, and 30 m resolution from a spatially uniform area in the Saharan desert were acquired for direct comparison of MSI and OLI TopOf-Atmosphere (TOA) reflectances....

Oligomycin-A (Oli-A), an anticancer drug, was loaded to the folate (FA)-conjugated chitosan as a tumor-targeted drug delivery system for the purpose of overcoming the nonspecific targeting characteristics and the hydrophobicity of the compound. The two-level factorial design (2-LFD) was applied to modeling the preparation process, which was composed of five independent variables, namely FA-conj...

oLi courses work. results show that students who took oLi-Statistics, for example, learned a full semester’s worth of material in half as much time and performed as well or better than students in traditional courses. Further, there were no significant differences in retention between oLi students and traditional students in follow-up tests given one or more semesters later. Baumol and Bowen’s ...

The Landsat 8 spacecraft was launched on 11 February 2013 carrying two imaging payloads: the Operational Land Imager (OLI) and the Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS). The TIRS instrument employs a refractive telescope design that is opaque to visible wavelengths making prelaunch geometric characterization challenging. TIRS geometric calibration thus relied heavily on on-orbit measurements. Since th...