Introduction: An impaired sense of smell has a remarkable impact on the quality of life. It is seen in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson disease. In this study, we assessed the olfactory function in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) by Sniff Magnitude Test (SMT).  Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 48 patients with MS. A questionnaire, including demog...

background: looking in literature reveals that aging is accompanied by olfactory dysfunction and hyposmia/anosmia is a common manifestation in some neurodegenerative disorders. olfactory dysfunction is regarded as non-motor manifestations of parkinson disease (pd). the main goal of this study was to examine the extent of olfactory dysfunction in persian pd patients. methods: we used seven types...

Introduction: The Questionnaire for Olfactory Dysfunction (QOD) is a self-reporting olfactory-related quality of life questionnaire. The aim of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the Persian version of this questionnaire. Materials and Methods: One hundred and thirteen patients with olfactory problems were enrolled in this study. The English version of the QOD was first...

Parkinson’s disease (PD) mainly affects the dopaminergic neuronal networks of substantia nigra, which leads to both motor and nonmotor symptoms disease. Based on reports from previous studies, 95% cases are presented along with olfactory dysfunction. The relevant publications 2002 2021 were searched shortlisted using PubMed Google Scholar. In this review, we have discussed correlation between d...

BACKGROUND Olfactory disorders are common complaints in ENT clinics. We investigated causes and relevant features of olfactory disorders and the need for gustatory testing in patients with olfactory dysfunction. MATERIAL/METHODS A total of 140 patients seeking medical consultations were enrolled. All patients were asked about their olfactory disorders in a structured interview of medical hist...

To the Editor We read with interest recent Invited Commentary by our friend and colleague, Dr Joshua Levy, on treatment of postviral olfactory dysfunction titled “Treatment Recommendations for Persistent Smell Taste Dysfunction following COVID-19—the Coming Deluge.”1

BACKGROUND Olfactory dysfunction in MS patients is reported in the literature. MRI of the olfactory bulb (OB) is discussed as a promising new testing method for measuring olfactory function (OF). Aim of this study was to explore reasons for and optimize the detection of olfactory dysfunction in MS patients with MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS OB and olfactory brain volume was assessed within 34 MS...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder with the earliest clinical symptom of olfactory dysfunction, which is a potential clinical marker for AD severity and progression. However, many questions remain unanswered. This article reviews relevant research on olfactory dysfunction in AD and evaluates the predictive value of olfactory dysfunction for the epidemiological, path...