Responding to the recent accounting scandals, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) required chief executive officers (CEOs) and chief financial officers (CFOs) of large publicly traded companies to swear by their financial statements. Focusing on executive oaths that were filed by the first deadline of August 14, 2002, this study finds that stock markets, on average, reacted positively ...

INTRODUCTION Swearing to a medical oath is a common practice in medical schools today. Students at the Medical School for International Health (MSIH) participate in an elaborate physician's oath ceremony held in the first year of studies. At this ceremony, students read a code of ethics written by their class, the content of which includes the ethical principles the class as a whole deems signi...

â  â  abstract â  â  the quran has been analyzed by many commentaries from many aspects including its rhetoric and style. it is questionable to grasp the arcane outstanding position of the quran in terms of its form, meaning, or rhetoric. of the rhetoric of the quran, oaths indicate miracle of the quran. oaths and their answers are in line with aggregates of all contexts as well as form and mea...