Misawa et al. (3) recently reported a PCR-based method for differentiating Campylobacter serotype O19 strains from nonO19 strains. In another study (2), the same investigators used restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of flaA genes and random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of C. jejuni strains to conclude that all serotype O19 strains are closely related, regardless of their ge...

Sub-optimal temperature extensively suppresses crop growth during cool-season greenhouse production. Root-zone (RZ) warming is considered an economical option to alleviate crop growth reduction. In this study we cultivated cucumber seedlings in nutrient solution under different air-RZ temperature treatments to investigate the effects of RZ warming on seedling growth- and photosynthesis-related ...

INTRODUCTION Bacteria of the genus Proteus are a common cause of urinary tract infections. The O-polysaccharide chain of their LPS (O-antigen) defines the serological specificity of these bacteria. Based on the immunospecificity of the O-antigens, two species, P. mirabilis and P. vulgaris, were classified into 49 O-serogroups, and more O-serogroups for strains of these species and P. penneri ha...

Aid, Growth, and Jobs Various development objectives are worthy, but to my mind, one objective dominates all others: reducing the scourge of absolute economic misery in the world. In this paper, I focus on an important but relatively underemphasized approach to poverty reduction: helping the poor earn more in the labour market for the work they do, so that they can buy the goods and services th...

This paper employs a matched firm production-innovation panel dataset from Chile to explore the response of innovation increased competition arising China shock. The data cover wider range inputs and outputs than previously possible allow generating measures markups efficiency (TFPQ) that correspond closely concepts rents technological leadership envisaged in Schumpeterian literature. Except fo...

The objectives of the present study were the subtyping of Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni strains obtained from humans and different animal species using PCR-RFLP, and the detection, by means of the same technique, of strains related to serotype PEN O19:LIO 7, the main C. jejuni serotype linked to Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS). Seventy C. jejuni strains isolated from human feces (n=33), prim...

To quantify trade frictions, we examine multiproduct exporters. We build a flexible general-equilibrium model and estimate market entry costs using Brazilian firm-product-destination data under rich demand access cost shocks. Our estimates show that additional products farther from firm’s core competency come at higher production costs, but there are substantive economies of scope in costs. Mar...