1. The General Concept 2. Big Bang Nucleosynthesis 3. Stellar Nucleosynthesis 3.1 Stellar Core Burning 3.2. Stellar Shell Burning 3.3. The s-Process 4. Core Collapse Supernovae 4.1. Collapse Phase 4.2. Explosion Mechanism 4.3. The r-Process 4.4. Neutrino Nucleosynthesis 5. Nucleosynthesis in Explosive Binary Systems 5.1. Nova Explosions 5.2. Type Ia Supernovae 5.3. X-Ray Bursts and X-Ray Pulsar...

Standard big bang nucleosynthesis (SBBN) has been remarkably successful, and it may well be the correct and sufficient account of what happened. However, interest in variations from the standard picture come from two sources: First, big bang nucleosynthesis can be used to constrain physics of the early universe. Second, there may be some discrepancy between predictions of SBBN and observations ...

Recent nucleosynthesis calculations of Type II supernovae using advanced neutrino transport determine that the early neutrino winds are proton-rich. However, a fraction of the ejecta emitted at the same time is composed of neutron-rich pockets. In this paper we calculate the nucleosynthesis contribution from the neutron-rich pockets in the hot convective bubbles of a core-collapse supernova and...

We investigate the effects of baryon/anti-baryon inhomogeneity on primordial nucleosynthesis. Recent work claims that electroweak baryogenesis could give rise to distinct regions of net baryon and anti-baryon number, which could survive until the nucleosynthesis epoch. We discuss neutron diffusion effects on nucleosynthesis yields in these models and speculate on the prospects for obtaining con...

We review the current status of the nuclear reaction rates needed to study nucleosynthesis in massive stars. Results for the calculated nucleosynthesis of all stable species from Hydrogen to Bismuth in a completely evolved 25 M star of initial solar metallicity will be presented. Special emphasis will be paid to two particular reactions, C( ) O and Ne( ) Mg, and their effect on the structure of...

We investigate the allowed ranges of masses for an unstable tau neutrino in the context of SO(10) GUT-s. In light of the new nucleosynthesis results we obtain that there is a narrow window for mντ where the LEP, neutrino oscillation and nucleosynthesis data are compatible. This window, which depends on the effective number of neutrinos contributing to nucleosynthesis, has important cosmological...

We present a detailed numerical study of inhomogeneous Big Bang nucleosynthesis where, for the first time, nuclear reactions are coupled to all significant fluctuation dissipation processes. These processes include neutrino heat transport, baryon diffusion, photon diffusive heat transport, and hydrodynamic expansion with photon-electron Thomson drag. Light element abundance yields are presented...