Background and objective: Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (CCRCC) is the most common adult renal neoplasm. Staging and grading of RCC are important predictors of survival. Fuhrman nuclear grading is widely used for CCRCC, the subjective nature of which has prompted more objective methods to evaluate nuclear features. Furthermore, Ki-67, a reliable marker of cellular pr...

background and objective: histological grading has prognostic and therapeutic implications in meningioma. however, histological criteria are sometimes not fulfilled to predict the biological behavior of meningiomas. p63 gene is a novel p53 family member, known as tumor suppressor factor, with multiple isoforms and shows high expression in many normal and neoplastic human tissues. in this study,...

  Background and Objective: Histological grading has prognostic and therapeutic implications in meningioma. However, histological criteria are sometimes not fulfilled to predict the biological behavior of meningiomas. P63 gene is a novel P53 family member, known as tumor suppressor factor, with multiple isoforms and shows high expression in many normal and neoplastic human tissues. In this stu...

the focus of this study was to determine if early detection of mutant p53 accumulation may be an early indicator of tumor aggressiveness and transformation to invasive breast cancer. for this purpose, the p53 content of 100 human breast biopsies classified as ductal carcinoma (dcis), was evaluated by immunohistochemical method. all specimens were microscopically classified into histologic types...

Background & Objective: Most colorectal cancers (CRCs) arise from adenomatous polyps, and clinical management of this type of polyp is highly dependent on the reliability and validity of the pathological diagnosis. The aim of this study was to examine the interobserver agreement of five pathologists in assessing dysplasia in adenomatous polyps. Methods: I...

background and aims: p504s (amacr) is a mitochondrial enzyme expressed in renal cell carcinoma. some of immunohistochemical markers in renal cell tumors are independent prognostic factor and show relation with histologic grading. amacr expression increases with higher histological grading in different tumors; however, in rcc it is not obvious. in this study, we tried to investigate if any relat...

cytomorphological changes of mitomycin c on urothelial cells may be misinterpreted as a neoplastic process. a 60-year old male patient who was given an eight-week course of intravesical mitomycin c due to non-invasive low grade transitional cell carcinoma. during his follow-up care, the findings of a urine cytology exam were as follows: nuclear enlargement of cells, wrinkled nuclear membranes, ...

The focus of this study was to determine if early detection of mutant p53 accumulation may be an early indicator of tumor aggressiveness and transformation to invasive breast cancer. For this purpose, the p53 content of 100 human breast biopsies classified as ductal carcinoma (DCIS), was evaluated by immunohistochemical method. All specimens were microscopically classified into histologic types...

The most common isotope, plutonium-239, is produced when the most common isotope of uranium, uranium-238, absorbs a neutron and then quickly decays to plutonium. It is this plutonium isotope that is most useful in making nuclear weapons, and it is produced in varying quantities in virtually all operating nuclear reactors. As fuel in a reactor is exposed to longer and longer periods of neutron i...