the aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of nozzle configurations on spray drift and explain the influences using several atomization characteristics (length of spray sheet, spray angle, velocity distribution of flow field, fluctuation of velocity, and droplet size). nozzles manufactured by one company (lechler gmbh, germany) were tested by spraying local tap water in a win...

*Corresponding Author Email: [email protected] Tel./Fax: +90 322 338 6518 ABSTRACT: In pesticide applications, small droplets are desired for better coverage and uniform distribution. Yet, small droplets have a problem: Drift, the movement of droplets off-target. Low drift nozzle produces fewer drift-prone droplets, < 100 μm, compared to standard hydraulic nozzles. In pesticide applications, ...

Conical convergent-divergent (CCD) nozzles represent an important category of supersonic jet-engine nozzles which require variable throat areas and variable exit areas to adapt to a range of operating conditions. CCD nozzles with design Mach numbers of 1.3, 1.5, and 1.65 are examined experimentally over a range of fully expanded Mach numbers from 1.22 to 1.71. The characteristics of the flow an...

Example 1: Fuel Injector Nozzle Diameters Problem A manufacturer of fuel injector nozzles installs a new digital measuring system. Investigators want to determine how well the new system measures the nozzles. Data set Nozzle.MPJ Description Variable Fuel injector nozzle measured Nozzle Data collection Technicians randomly sample, across all major sources of process variation (machine, time, shi...

Original scientific paper High energetic water jets sprayed from nozzles are used for scale removal. Special nozzles with flat and very narrow jets for high feed pressure are used. This process, called descaling, is used in hot rolling, for example. A number of jets must be used to cover the total width of a rolled strip. High quality and homogeneity of the descaling process is required. A row ...

Complex flow features within rocket nozzles can exert significant influence on both the dynamics and safety of rockets during flight. Specifically, under over-expanded flow conditions, during, low altitude flight, random, often large side loads can appear within nozzles. While significant research has focused on this classical problem, due to the high nozzle pressure ratios (NPR) extant across ...

We have measured the brightness of several helium free jet sources. Five converging nozzles with diameters between 0.6 and 5 m, and three tube nozzles with diameters between 2 and 10 m were studied at stagnation temperatures of 77 and 300 K and at stagnation pressures depending on nozzle size from 350 to 17000 kPa. Smaller nozzles produced higher brightness beams with values approaching 1028 s ...

Sonic velocities of geologic fluids, such as volcanic magmas and geothermal fluids, can be as low as 1 m/s. Critical velocities in large rivers can be of the order of 1-10 m/s. Because velocities of fluids moving in these settings can exceed these characteristic velocities, sonic and supersonic gas flow and critical and supercritical shallow-water flow can occur. The importance of the low chara...

The dynamic pressure characteristics of pulse jet pipe, pulse jet nozzles and ceramic filter can be measured by high-frequency dynamic pressure sensor. The research is focused on the influence of cleaning pressure, the diameter of nozzles, and the ratio of sectional area of nozzles to that of pulse jet pipe on pulse cleaning performance. The results show that the difference of pulse jet nozzles...

Fluidic chevrons use injected air near the trailing edge of a nozzle to emulate mixing and jet noise reduction characteristics of mechanical chevrons. While previous investigations of “first generation” fluidic chevron nozzles showed only marginal improvements in effective perceived noise levels when compared to nozzles without injection, significant improvements in noise reduction characterist...