OBJECTIVES Arterial graft spasm occasionally causes circulatory collapse immediately following coronary artery bypass graft. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of our developed materials, which were composed of milrinone (phosphodiesterase III inhibitor) or diltiazem (calcium-channel blocker), with nano-scaled fibre made of biodegradable polymer to prevent arterial spasm. METHO...

In the present work, we carry out a morphometric analysis, at ultrastructural level, of the secretory granules of the granular undulated duct of the submaxillary gland of the rat, under basal conditions (Control Group or I), following stimulation for 10 minutes with 2 mg/100 g weight of Isoproterenol (Group II), and following stimulation with 2 gammas/100 g weight of Noradrenalin for the same t...

Noradrenergic fibers innervate the entire cerebral cortex, whereas the cortical distribution of dopaminergic fibers is more restricted. However, the relative functional impact of noradrenalin and dopamine receptors in various cortical regions is largely unknown. Using a specific genetic label, we first confirmed that noradrenergic fibers innervate the entire cortex whereas dopaminergic fibers w...

INTRODUCTION The concentration of noradrenalin and corticosterone as the two nociception modulators change after fasting or stress situation. The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of food deprivation on formalin-induced nociceptive behaviours and plasma levels of noradrenalin and corticosterone in rats. METHODS Food was withdrawn 12, 24 and 48 h prior to performing the formal...

Portulaca oleracea L. is a medicinal plant find in Europe and Asia. This plant contains valuable secondary metabolite such as noradrenalin. Naturally the wild plant produce small amount of this secondary metabolites so induction of hairy roots can be useful to increase its production. In our research Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain AR15834 was used to induce hairy roots in the two-week leaf exp...

OBJECTIVE The levels of corticosterone and noradrenalin as the two nociception modulators modify after stress condition. The propose of current study was to investigate the effect of chrysin on formalin-induced nociceptive behaviors and serum levels of corticosterone and noradrenalin in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pain was induced by applying 20 μL of 5% formalin in distilled water in the sub...

Introduction: The concentration of noradrenalin and corticosterone as the two nociception modulators change after fasting or stress situation. The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of food deprivation on formalin-induced nociceptive behaviours and plasma levels of noradrenalin and corticosterone in rats. Methods: Food was withdrawn 12, 24 and 48 h prior to performing the formal...

In the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARH) satiety signaling (anorexigenic) pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)-expressing and hunger signaling (orexigenic) agouti-related peptide (AgRP)-expressing neurons are key components of the neuronal circuits that control food intake and energy homeostasis. Here, we assessed whether the catecholamine noradrenalin directly modulates the activity of these ne...

BACKGROUND PTSD has been associated with altered hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal-axis (HPA-axis), immune and sympathetic nervous system (SNS) regulation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of cognitive stress on these systems in PTSD patients and controls. METHODS The subjective units of distress score (SUDS), NK-cell response, plasma levels of noradrenalin and ACTH in respon...

background: hepatorenal syndrome (hrs) is known as development of acute renal failure in a patient who usually has advanced liver disease. the aim of the present study was to determine the safety and the efficacy of noradrenalin in comparison with midodrine‑octreotide in patients with hrs. methods: this study was registered to the iranian registry of clinical trials (irct). this study was a sin...