Epidermal changes including hyperkeratosis and epidermal verrucous changes, papillomatosis, secondary infection, recurrent erysipelas and ulceration are complications of chronic lymphedema. Elephantiasis is a term used for these significant changes. Xanthoma may also develop in lymphedematous areas. Lymphangiosarcoma is a rare complication of chronic lymphedema. Nodular fibrosis is mentioned as...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the inter-group differences in growth and the pathological results of nodular ground-glass opacities (GGOs) according to their size and focal solid portions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-six nodular GGOs in 55 individuals followed by CT for at least one month from an initial chest CT were included. Forty nodular GGOs in 30 individuals were pathologically confirmed to be:...

Azathioprine hepatotoxicity has been described mainly in renal transplant recipients. Most reported cases are related to lesions of the venous system of the liver: peliosis hepatis, veno-occlusive disease of the liver, perisinusoidal fibrosis, and nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver. The most common clinical manifestation of these hepatic vascular lesions is portal hypertension. We pr...

A combined clinical, radiological, pathological, and mineralogical study was undertaken on 62 cases referred to the Medical Research Council Pneumoconiosis Unit by the Cardiff Pneumoconiosis Panel as Cornish china clay workers. Considerable pathological lesions were found in the lungs, both nodular and interstitial fibroses being present. Some men had worked with china stone but others had work...

Nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver, characterised by regenerative nodules distributed throughout the liver in the absence of fibrosis, is a rare but important complication of systemic lupus erythematosus. The main consequence of nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver is non-cirrhotic portal hypertension. This condition is probably underdiagnosed, as many of these patients may ...

points of differentiation are reevaluated. For appreciation of the essential morphological features by pathologists. continued use of our original six histological types is recommended, since the four histological types of the Rye classification, although valuable for clinicians, do not convey morphological connotations. The significance of the Reed-Sternberg (R-S) cell variants are reviewed, w...

points of differentiation are reevaluated. For appreciation of the essential morphological features by pathologists. continued use of our original six histological types is recommended, since the four histological types of the Rye classification, although valuable for clinicians, do not convey morphological connotations. The significance of the Reed-Sternberg (R-S) cell variants are reviewed, w...

Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) has a major role in development of fibrosis and in the wound-healing process. Microarray analysis of 44 classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) samples showed higher CTGF messenger RNA expression in the nodular sclerosis (NS) than in the mixed cellularity (MC) subtype. When analyzed by immunohistochemical analysis, Hodgkin-Reed-Sternberg (H-RS) cells and macropha...

into the following 6 groups: (a) lymphocytic and/or histiocytic (L & H),1 nodular; (b) lymphocytic and/or histiocytic (L & H), diffuse; (c) nodular sclerosis; (d) mixed; (e) diffuse fibrosis; and (/) reticular. The L & H types represent essentially a pre dominant lymphocytic proliferation with histiocytes, while diffuse fibrosis and reticular are associated with lymphocytic depletion. Nodular s...

BACKGROUND Riedel's thyroiditis is characterised by chronic inflammatory invasive fibrosclerosis of the thyroid gland, surrounding structures, and extrathyroidal fibrosis. We present a case of Riedel's thyroiditis associated with nodular fibrosis of the lungs and liver. CASE A 40-year-old woman presented with a 3-month history of neck swelling, difficulty swallowing and breathlessness on exer...