The Nod-like receptor family in man contains proteins that recognize invasive bacteria. Nod1, a member of this family, is activated by specific peptidoglycan-derived muropeptides that contain meso-diaminopimelic acid. Plants contain a large family of proteins known as resistance (R) proteins that have common structural features with the Nod-like receptors and are essential for protection agains...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Gram-negative bacteria contain ligands for Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD) 1 receptors. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activates TLR4, while peptidoglycan products activate NOD1. Activation of NOD1 by the specific agonist FK565 results in a profound vascular dysfunction and experimental shock in vivo. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Here, we have ...

Cytokinesis is the last step of the cell-division cycle, which requires precise spatial and temporal regulation to ensure genetic stability. Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Rho GEFs) and Rho GTPases are among the key regulators of cytokinesis. We previously found that putative Rho-GEF Gef2 coordinates with Polo kinase Plo1 to control the medial cortical localization of anillin-like pro...

NOD1 and NOD2 (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing proteins) are intracellular pattern recognition receptors that activate inflammation and autophagy. These pathways rely on the caspase recruitment domains (CARDs) within the receptors, which serve as protein interaction platforms that coordinately regulate immune signaling. We show that NOD1 CARD binds ubiquitin (Ub), in additi...

host innate immunity can affect the clinical outcomes of helicobacter pylori infection, including gastritis, gastric ulcer, gastric adenocarcinoma, and malt lymphoma. nucleotide binding oligomerization domain (nod)-1 and -2 are two molecules of innate immunity which are involved in the host defense against h. pylori . this study aimed to evaluate the effect of the expression level of nod1 and n...

host innate immunity can affect the clinical outcomes of helicobacter pylori infection, including gastritis, gastric ulcer, gastric adenocarcinoma, and malt lymphoma. nucleotide binding oligomerization domain (nod)-1 and -2 are two molecules of innate immunity which are involved in the host defense against h. pylori . this study aimed to evaluate the effect of the expression level of nod1 and n...

Obesity is associated with inflammation that can drive metabolic defects such as hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance. Specific metabolites can contribute to inflammation, but nutrient intake and obesity are also associated with altered bacterial load in metabolic tissues (i.e. metabolic endotoxemia). These bacterial cues can contribute to obesity-induced inflammation. The specific bacterial c...

Nod1 is an intracellular protein that is involved in recognition of bacterial molecules and whose genetic variation has been linked to several inflammatory diseases. Previous studies suggested that the recognition core of Nod1 stimulatory molecules is gamma-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelic acid (iE-DAP), but the identity of the major Nod1 stimulatory molecule produced by bacteria remains unknown....

Nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 (NOD1) and NOD2 are cytosolic pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) composed of an N-terminal caspase activation and recruitment domain (CARD), a central NACHT domain and C-terminal leucine-rich repeats (LRRs). They play a vital role in innate immune signaling by activating the NF-κB pathway via recognition of peptidoglycans by L...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Recent reports showed that proteasome subunit alpha type-7 (PSMA7) was overexpressed in colorectal cancer. To investigate the mechanism of PSMA7 in promotion of colorectal cancer, we screened for its interaction partners. METHODS AND RESULTS This study found that PSMA7 associated with nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 (NOD1) by yeast two-hybrid scr...