objectives this study was designed to evaluate the antinociceptive activity of methanol extract of n. depauperata in male mice. materials and methods the anti-nociceptive activities of the extract were investigated by the formalin test and hot plate test respectively. comparisons between the groups were carried out using one-way analysis of variance (anova), and post hoc tukey test. results n. ...

Understanding intracranial nociceptive innervation is essential to understand the pathophysiology of headaches. Our knowledge about human nociception comes from sparse observations during neurosurgical procedures performed in awake patients, anatomical studies and experimental animals. In this article we review functional organization underlying innervation. Intracranial mainly mediated by trig...

Nociception, the sensory mechanism that allows animals to sense and avoid potentially tissue-damaging stimuli, is critical for survival. This process relies on nociceptors, which are specialized neurons that detect and respond to potentially damaging forms of energy - heat, mechanical and chemical - in the environment. Nociceptors accomplish this task through the expression of molecules that fu...

Abstract Threat-induced pain modulation can increase survival by amplifying physiological and behavioral reactions toward danger. Threat also modulate spinal nociception, suggesting engagement of endogenous top-down circuitry. A unique method to assess nociception is via reflex receptive fields (RRF) associated with the nociceptive withdrawal (NWR, a protective spinally-mediated reflex...

the present study investigated the effects of microinjections of acetylcholine (a cholinergic agonist), physostigmine (a cholinesterase inhibitor), atropine (an antagonist of muscarinic cholinergic receptors) and hexamethonium (an antagonist of nicotinic cholinergic receptors) into the parafascicular nucleus of thalamus on the acute corneal nociception in rats. acute corneal nociception was ind...

OBJECTIVES Research has provided us with an increased understanding of nociception-motor interaction. Nociception-motor interaction is most often processed without conscious thoughts. Hence, in many cases neither patients nor clinicians are aware of the interaction. It is aimed at reviewing the scientific literature on nociception-motor interaction, with emphasis on clinical implications. MET...