نتایج جستجو برای: no planning
تعداد نتایج: 3445187 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
adolescents and young adults and their problems is an issue whose importance is obvious to anyone because youth are the founders of our countrys future and requires proper planning to be on leisure. given the importance of leisure,this study to investigate needs assessment and planning how adolescents and young adults spend their leisure time in urban of case study of high school girls and boys...
this study investigated the effects of planning on second-language written production with regard to task type. the participants were 75 iranian learners of english as a foreign language attending a private foreign language institution. they were asked to complete two different types of writing tasks (expository writing task and argumentative writing task) in different planned conditions (indiv...
this study compared the different effects of form-focused guided planning vs. meaning-focused guided planning on iranian pre-intermediate students’ task performance. the study lasted for three weeks and concentrated on eight english structures. forty five pre-intermediate iranian students were randomly assigned to three groups of guided planning focus-on-form group (gpfg), guided planning focus...
Although even propositional STRIPS planning is a hard problem in general, many instances of the problem, including many of those commonly used as benchmarks, are easy. In spite of this, they are often hard to solve for domain-independent planners, because the encoding of the problem into a general problem specification formalism such as STRIPS hides structure that needs to be exploited to solve...
Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) attempts to infer human rewards or preferences from observed behavior. However, human planning systematically deviates from rationality. Though there has been some IRL work which assumes humans are noisily rational, there has been little analysis of the general problem of inferring the reward of a human of unknown rationality. The observed behavior can, in p...
Many planning applications must address conflicting plan objectives, such as cost, risk, duration, and resource consumption and decision makers want to know the possible trade-offs. Traditionally, such problems are solved by invoking a single-objective algorithm (such as A*) on multiple, alternative preferences of the objectives to identify non-dominated plans. The less-popular alternative is t...
Many observers see the world as having “problems” that cry out for “solutions”. Yet, more than one wise man has noted that there are no “solutions”, only trade-offs. Looked at in this way, many of the “solutions” that fall under the heading “sustainability planning” must be carefully reconsidered. There is also good news, however. Much of humanity has reached heights of material welfare that we...
چکیده تمام نما مقدمه: این تحقیق برای بررسی میزان خلاقیت و عناصر آن (انعطاف- سیالی- ابتکار و بسط) در کارشناسان فوق برنامه های تربیت بدنی دانشگاههای تهران صورت گرفته است. بطور کلی خلاقیت به معنای توانایی تولید اندیشه ها و ایده های جدید و ترکیب آنها با یکدیگر و بیشتر در جنبه های فکری نظری و به اصطلاح فعالیتهای ذهنی و طراحی قبل از عمل به کار می رود و دارای چهار عنصر به شرح زیر می باشد. 1- سیالی...
Task-based instruction is arguably associated with fostering fluent L2 speech distant from native-like accuracy. Of several methodological options recommended for accounting for accuracy problems of meaning-first approaches to language teaching, planning time has been explored in this study. Three groups of English majors watched a cartoon and narrated their accounts of watching under no-planni...
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