objective: despite toxic effects of some essential oils, their use is not under control. with a view to increasing trend of utilisation of herbal products, some biological aspects of thymus daenensis are repoted here for the first time. materials and methods: antimicrobial properties using disk diffusion and dilution tests, nitric oxide radical scavenging by marcocci et al method and cytotoxic...

Received for publication July 10, 1996. Accepted for publication February 17, 1998. 1The use of trade name in this publication does not imply endorsement by the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, nor criticism of similar products not mentioned. 2To whom correspondence should be addressed. Abbreviation Key: IL = interleukin; NOS = nitricoxide synthases; RNI = reactive nitrogen interme...

BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury stimulates an inflammatory reaction that causes substantial secondary damage inside the injured spinal tissue. The purpose of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of oleuropein on traumatized spinal cord. METHODS Rats were randomly divided into four groups of 7 rats each as follows: Sham-operated group, trauma group, and oleuropein treatment g...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related disease with poorly understood pathogenesis. Recent studies have demonstrated that miRNA might play a key role in OA initiation and development. We reviewed recent publications and elucidated the connection between miRNA and OA cartilage anabolic and catabolic signals, including four signaling pathways: TGF-β/Smads and BMPs signaling, associated with cartil...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related disease with poorly understood pathogenesis. Recent studies have demonstrated that miRNA might play a key role in OA initiation and development. We reviewed recent publications and elucidated the connection between miRNA and OA cartilage anabolic and catabolic signals, including four signaling pathways: TGF-β/Smads and BMPs signaling, associated with cartil...

OBJECTIVES We examined the hypothesis that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) that is both oxidized and glycosylated potently downregulates the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase III (NOSIII) in human coronary endothelial cells. BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is accompanied by both oxidation and glycosylation of LDL, but the potential interaction of these processes or the pathophysiolog...

Recently an oxygen-sensing/transducing mechanism has been identified as a family of O2-dependent prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing enzymes (PHD). In normoxia, PHD hydroxylates a specific proline residue that directs the degradation of constitutively synthesized hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha. During hypoxia, the cessation of hydroxylation of this proline results in less degradation and thus...

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) activity is detected in both neuronal and nonneuronal cells in the CNS, and excessive PARP-1 activity is known to be detrimental to tissue because of the cellular energy loss. Accordingly, PARP-1-deficient (PARP-1(-/-)) mice have been shown to be resistant to cerebral ischemia and several forms of inflammation. Recently, PARP-1 in glial cells has been show...