The solubility enhancement of diazepam and nitrazepam in water was analyzed depending on temperature and amount of α-cyclodextrin (α-CD), β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (2-HP-β-CD). The interactions of drug-cyclodextrin in solution were investigated by the phase-solubility analysis. Diazepam (nitrazepam) content in aqueous complexation medium was analyzed UV spectropho...

The behavioral effect of brotizolam was investigated in mice and rats, in comparison with those of diazepam, nitrazepam and estazolam. Locomotor activity of rats in an open field situation was slightly increased with smaller doses of brotizolam and estazolam and with larger doses of nitrazepam, while it was decreased with large doses of brotizolam and estazolam. The anticonflict effect of broti...

Accurate methods are described for the qualitative and quantitative determination of medazepam, diazepam, and nitrazepam in 5 ml of whole blood. Medazepam and diazepam are analyzed intact and nitrazepam is chromatographed as its trimethylsilyl derivative by flame-ionization gas-chromatography on “1% OV-17.” A supplementary column of “2% OV-1” is used to separate nitrazepam TMS from diazepam whe...

1 To assess the potential hazards of nitrazepam therapy of insomnia in the elderly, adverse reactions to nitrazepam were studied in 2111 hospitalized medical patients who received the drug. 2 Manifestations of unwanted central nervous system (CNS) depression (such as drowsiness or 'hangover') were reported in 49 nitrazepam recipients (2.3%), and signs of unwanted CNS stimulation (such as nightm...

A case note study of 90 children with tuberous sclerosis showed that 56 had taken nitrazepam for seizures for from one month to 13 years. In 38 children nitrazepam was withdrawn but only two had immediate major seizures. Given that sleepiness, deterioration in motor skills, or ataxia seems to be associated in some children with treatment with nitrazepam, doctors may wish to review their long te...

STUDY OBJECTIVE Sleep disturbance is a hallmark feature of cannabis withdrawal. In this study we explored the effects of lithium treatment supplemented with nitrazepam on objective and subjective measures of sleep quality during inpatient cannabis withdrawal. METHODS Treatment-seeking cannabis-dependent adults (n = 38) were admitted for 8 days to an inpatient withdrawal unit and randomized to...

We wanted to assess whether benzodiazepines worsen sleep apnoea, since their use in such patients has been controversial. Fourteen male patients with mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnoea were investigated in a placebo-controlled, double-blind study evaluating the influence of nitrazepam (NIT) on apnoea frequency and severity. Each patient was given oral nitrazepam 5 or 10 mg, or correspond...

In a double-blind cross-over trial the effects of nitrazepam (5 and 10 mg.), amylobarbitone sodium (100 and 200 mg.), and placebo were compared in normal healthy young people. Though they reported a good night's sleep and adjudged themselves to be alert after all four drug treatments, behavioural tests showed their performance to be significantly impaired 13 hours after treatment with nitrazepa...

The sedative effects of nitrazepam in a dose of 5 mg and 10 mg have been compared with Mandrax, a combination of methaqualone 250 mg with diphenhydramine 25 mg. Studies were carried out in gynaecological patients undergoing minor surgical operations using the scoring system previously described. The degree of sedation obtained after administration of the two dose levels of nitrazepam was compar...

A simple and sensitive spectrophotometric determination method for the determination of nitrazepam in bulk, in pharmaceutical dosage forms and in biological fluids was developed. The method is based upon reduction of nitro group of nitrazepam by zinc and hydrochloric acid followed by diazotization and coupling with orcinol in basic medium to form a stable chromophore which absorbs at 470 nm. Th...