BACKGROUND The best treatment for nipple malposition following nipple-sparing mastectomy is prevention. This article reviews basic elements for success in nipple-sparing mastectomy and offers an option to patients with grade 2-3 breast ptosis who strongly desire to preserve the nipple. METHODS Retrospective review identified patients undergoing nipple-sparing mastectomy and immediate reconstr...

BACKGROUND Nipple reconstruction following breast mound reconstruction is the final step in breast reconstruction. Although nipple reconstruction is a simple surgery, the psychological aspects of nipple reconstruction are thought to be important. Nipple projection is a key factor in determining patient satisfaction with the surgery. In the present study, the Hammond flap technique was introduce...

Background: Considering,  the high prevalence of nipple fissures as well as the importance of neonatal health and, on the other hand, the increasing use of herbal medicines, we decided to conduct a systematic review on the effects of peppermint on nipple fissure. Materials and Methods: In this systematic review, all clinical trial...

BACKGROUND Adenoma of the nipple is a rare breast tumor that is often mistaken clinically for Paget's disease and misinterpreted pathologically as invasive ductal carcinoma. CASE REPORT We report herein a distinctive case of adenoma of the nipple projecting out of the nipple. In the current case, we were able to perform curative resection through a periareolar incision similar to a microdoche...

Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) is an increasingly utilized surgical option in managing breast carcinoma; however, data on malignant involvement of a separately submitted nipple margin are scant. Consecutive NSM, including those performed for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes, over a 4-year period (2007-2011), were studied. A separately submitted nipple margin was evaluated by permanent H&E...

BACKGROUND Nipple adenoma is a very uncommon, benign proliferative process of lactiferous ducts of the nipple. Clinically, it often presents as a palpable nipple nodule, a visible nipple skin erosive lesion, and/or with discharge from the surface of the nipple skin, and is primarily seen in middle-aged women. Resultantly, nipple adenoma can clinically mimic the presentation of mammary Paget's d...

Macrothelia, or nipple hypertrophy, is a condition that may cause severe psychological distress to those who suffer from it. Although effective in their primary goal of reducing nipple diameter and projection, previously reported techniques in nipple reduction suffer from imperfect aesthetic outcomes with noticeable scarring patterns, anatomically anomalous shape, and a smoothing of the natural...

PURPOSE Nipple sparing mastectomy provides good cosmetic results and low local recurrence rates for breast cancer patients. However, there is a potential risk of leaving an occult tumor within the nipple, which could lead to cancer relapse and poor prognosis for the patient. The objective of this study was to investigate the occult nipple involvement rate in mastectomy specimens, and to identif...

This paper presents a new approach on nipple detection for adult content recognition, it combines the advantage of Adaboost algorithm that is rapid speed in object detection and the robustness of nipple features for adaptive nipple detection. This method first locates the potential nipple-like region by using Adaboost algorithm for fast processing speed. It is followed by a nipple detection usi...