Nicotine addiction and dependence is a chronic relapsing disease driven by to nicotine. Proactive treatment for all tobacco users, regardless of their readiness quit, recommended. First-line cessation medications include nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion, varenicline. Comprehensive with behavioral interventions pharmacologic therapy increases success rates smoking cessation. Although ther...

With reference to the article published under the title “Pharmacologic agents for smoking cessation: A clinical review”, we would like to add some information related to smoking cessation therapy among pregnant females. In that article, in the nicotine replacement therapy section, pregnancy has been considered as a contraindication to the use of transdermal patches, gum, lozenges, nasal sprays,...

INTRODUCTION Recent genetic evidence has implicated nicotine as a possible cause of cancer, suggesting the need to examine the potential contributions of nicotine itself to cancer versus the confounding effects of addiction and thus exposures to known carcinogens. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between nicotine replacement therapy, smoking, and cancer outcomes. ME...

Public health initiatives to distribute nicotine replacement therapy free of charge as a means of promoting smoking cessation are ongoing. Are there enough smokers interested in using nicotine replacement therapy to have a substantial impact on the prevalence of smoking if this aid were distributed free to all interested smokers? We conducted a telephone survey of 825 randomly selected daily sm...

OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of free nicotine replacement therapy or proactive telephone counselling in addition to standard smoking cessation support offered through a telephone quitline. DESIGN Parallel group, 2 × 2 factorial, randomised controlled trial. SETTING National quitline, England. PARTICIPANTS 2591 non-pregnant smokers aged 16 or more residing in England who called the qui...

Tobacco use is a global health care problem. Repetitive exposure to nicotine produces neuroadaptation resulting in nicotine dependence. Cigarette smoking is particularly addictive due to the repeated delivery of bolus doses of nicotine to the bloodstream. Although compulsive tobacco use is sustained by nicotine addiction, it is the toxic combustion products in tobacco smoke such as carbon monox...

Nicotine replacement therapy can double the chance of success for smokers attempting to quit. This observational study aimed to compare quit rates of different formulations of nicotine replacement among clients referred to a smoking cessation clinic in Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. Clients entering the study (n = 308) participated in 4 sessions of behavioural therapy, chose a type of nicoti...