HNE 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal 5-HT 5-Hydroxytryptamine ATPase Adenosine triphosphatase ALA Alpha-lipoic acid DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid GABA Gamma-amino butyric acid GPX Glutathione peroxidase GAP43 Growth-associated protein 43 NAD+ Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidized NADP+ Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidized NADHP Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced NADH Nicoti...

Special diets that were extremely low in protein (5.5%) and high in carbohydrate were used to test the effect of nicotinamide on A/-nitrosodimethylamine-induced Carcinogenesis in Holtzman albino rats. The level of nicotinamide in the three diets ranged from 0 mg/kg of food to 50 mg/kg to 500 mg/kg. During the treatment with these diets (5 weeks) and the carcinogen (18 days), the renal and hepat...

Salviaolate is a group of depside salts isolated from Danshen (a traditional Chinese herbal medicine), with ≥ 85 % of magnesium lithospermate B. This study aims to investigate whether salviaolate is able to protect the rat brain from ischemia/reperfusion injury and the underlying mechanisms. Rats were subjected to 2 h of cerebral ischemia and 24 h of reperfusion to establish an ischemia/reperfu...

background: role of nitric oxide (no) in morphine-induced conditioned place preference (cpp) has already been proposed in the rat medial septum (ms), but no molecular evidence has been provided to clear this fact. methods: effects of intraseptal injections of l-arginine and/or ng-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-name) on morphine place conditioning in wistar rats were examined. morphine (2.5-7....

Purified PGH synthase when acting on arachidonic acid in the presence of reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide or reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide 3'-phosphate generated superoxide in burst-like fashion. In eight experiments using different batches of enzyme, the mean +/- SE rate of superoxide generation from 100 U of enzyme measured as the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reductio...

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, associated with demyelination and neurodegeneration. The mechanisms of tissue injury are poorly understood, but recent data suggest that mitochondrial injury may play an important role in this process. Mitochondrial injury can be triggered by reactive oxygen and nitric oxide species, and we recently provided evi...

The structural requirements of the NADP+ molecule as a coenzyme in the oxidative decarboxylation reaction catalysed by pigeon liver malic enzyme were studied by kinetic and fluorimetric analyses with various NADP+ analogues and fragments. The substrate L-malate had little effect on the nucleotide binding. Etheno-NADP+, 3-acetylpyridine-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, and nicotinamide-hypoxanthi...

When Escherichia coli K-12 was grown on gamma-aminobutyrate, a second succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase, dependent upon oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate and distinct from that induced by gamma-aminobutyrate, was gratuitously induced by succinic semialdehyde.