perfluorooctanesulfonate (pfos) is a widely spread environmental contaminant. it accumulates in the brain and has potential neurotoxin effects. due to chemical properties, pfos shows persistency in the environment and therefore has potential hazardous effect. the risk of possible intra uterine exposure to pfos poses a health concern for developmental effects. the goal of this study was survey o...

A study by the National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council (NAS/NRC) found neurobehavioral toxicity to be one of the areas where almost no data are available for the assessment of toxicity. Using the NAS/NRC report and a data base from the American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), an estimate of the number of neurobehavioral toxins in commercial chemicals can b...

Background: Brain activity has been investigated by several methods with different principles, notably optical ones. Each method may offer information on distinct physiological or pathological aspects of brain function. The ideal instrument to measure brain activity should include complementary techniques and integrate the resultant information. As a "low cost" approach towards this objective, ...

Testing must characterize cognitive lapses and mood changes in healthy individuals faced with relevant operational stressors, including chemical exposures and interactions with other stressors, and should be based on understanding effects of final common pathways in brain physiology (e.g. hypoor hyperglycemia, and hypoxia, oxidative stress, and inflammation). Stressors may affect a common hiera...

Most of the currently used toxicity assays for environmental chemicals use acute or chronic systemic or reproductive toxicity endpoints rather than neurobehavioral endpoints. In addition, the current standard approaches to assess reproductive toxicity are time-consuming. Therefore, with increasing numbers of chemicals being developed with potentially harmful neurobehavioral effects in higher ve...

Sulfur is one of the crucial elements in animal nutrition and has an influential role forming amino acids. It a common toxic element does not significantly threaten human health. The current study aimed to examine potential neurobehavioral toxicity sulfur mice by studying its effects on behavior locomotor activity. 24h median lethal dose- (LD50) mice, as determined up-and-down method was 33.22 ...

Metallothioneins (MTs) are small, cysteine-rich polypeptides, but the role of MTs in inducing the formation of adaptive response is still largely unknown. We investigated the roles of metallothionein genes (mtl-1 and mtl-2) in the formation of cross-adaptation response to neurobehavioral toxicity from metal exposure in Caenorhabditis elegans. Pre-treatment with mild heat-shock at L2-larva stage...