objective: infectious microorganisms are major sources of illness and death worldwide, and the leading cause of death in neonates. effective vaccination of this age group is of particular importance. the lack of a response and greater susceptibility to tolerance are two major features that limit the effectiveness of vaccines in neonates. in this study we compare the cellular immune response gen...

Immunizations early in life, when the host is most susceptible to infection, allow protective immunological memory to develop. Decreasing the dose of Cas-Br-E murine leukemia virus when priming neonatal mice results in adult-like, Type 1 protective responses, but the resulting memory cell populations are smaller than after adult priming. After secondary challenge, virus-specific CD8+ memory cel...

background: development of the central nervous system (cns) is dependent on interactions between genetic and epigenetic factors, some of which could affect the susceptibility of the developing brain to damaging insults. gestational stress has been shown as a potential factor associated with higher risk of developing certain neurological and psychiatric disorders. this study tested the hypothesi...

Fibrillar collagen is the primary component of the cardiac interstitial extracellular matrix. This extracellular matrix undergoes dramatic changes from birth to adulthood and then into advanced age. As evidence, fibrillar collagen content was compared in sections from neonates, adult, and old hearts and was found to increase at each respective age. Cardiac fibroblasts are the principle cell typ...

In adults, psychological stress regulates immune responsiveness in part via the increased levels of corticosterone that are produced as a result of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation. However, there is a lack of knowledge as to the role such regulation may play in the neonate. Neonates are severely compromised in their ability to generate an immune response to pathogens encoun...

Stem cells and therapeutic genes are emerging as a new therapeutic approach to treat various neurodegenerative diseases with few effective treatment options. However, potential formation of tumors by stem cells has hampered their clinical application. Moreover, adequate preclinical platforms to precisely test tumorigenic potential of stem cells are controversial. In this study, we compared the ...

Objective(s):Bacopa monnieri (BM),a traditional ayurvedic medicine,is a well-known memory enhancer. We have explored the role of BM against decabrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE-209)-induced alterations in neonate and young female mice. Materials and Methods: Mice were orally administered with B. monnieri at the doses of 40, 80 or 120 mg/kg body weight along with PBDE-209 (20 mg/kg body weight) f...

The use of a craniotomy for in vivo experiments provides an opportunity to investigate the dynamics of diverse cellular processes in the mammalian brain in adulthood and during development. Although most in vivo approaches use a craniotomy to study brain regions located on the dorsal side, brainstem regions such as the pons, located on the ventral side remain relatively understudied. The main g...

Abstract Studies of the CD8 T cell memory compartment in mice have primarily been done young maintained specific pathogen free (SPF) environment. The murine is skewed towards central cells, whereas adult human cells are dominated by effector cells. akin to that neonate humans, suggesting there factors missing SPF required mature compartment. We wanted ask how exposure changes mice, so we utiliz...