introduction: nasopharyngeal carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies in the head and neck region and radiotherapy is its treatment of choice. in spite of the fact that it is widely used, due to the presence of many sensitive organs or tissues in this region, patients may suffer from a wide range of side effects. one such sensitive tissue is the spinal cord. if the absorbed dose to spin...

background: due to volatility of radioactive iodine solutions, usually internal exposure would occur in personnel that are working in nuclear medicine centers. the activities in the thyroid of individual s who work in nuclear medicine centers of north west provinces of iran were measured using nai (sodium iodide) detectors. in every center, nearly 40 - 500 mci of 131 i and 50 - 600 μ ci of 125 ...

The aim of this report is to present a new two-piece thyroid-neck phantom produced by the concurrent use of epoxy resin and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA: plexiglass) soft tissue equivalent materials. Accordingly, mass attenuation coefficients of the epoxy resin and the plexiglass compounds were obtained from simulation (NIST XCOM 3.1) and measurements (practical dosimetry) and compared to th...

Introduction: The use of electronic portal imaging devices (EPIDs) is a method for the dosimetric verification of radiotherapy plans both pretreatment and in-vivo. The aim of this study was to test a 2D EPID-based dosimetry algorithm for dose verification of some plans inside a homogenous and anthropomorphic phantom and in-vivo, as well. Materials and Methods: </strong...

A cylindrical phantom, resembling average human neck, was prepared by using hydrogel sheets containing vinyl and polysaccharide. The phantom was used to obtain temperature distributions for 6 values of input power of radio frequency (RF) at 8MHz,by invasive thermometry technique, using thermistor probes. The inclusion of cervical vertebrae and calcium carbonate pieces (human bone representative...

background: radioiodine therapy has proven to be an effective method in the treatment of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma after thyroidectomy. the scope of this study is to describe a method to obtain the dose of organs using medical internal radiation dosimetry (mird) method. at the end, the results of mird calculations were compared with thermoluminescent dosimeter (tld-100). ma...

BACKGROUND A prototype anthropomorphic head and neck phantom has been designed to simulate the adult head and neck anatomy including some internal organs and tissues of interest, such as thyroid gland and sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs). The design of the head and neck phantom includes an inner jig holding the simulated SLNs and thyroid gland. The thyroid gland structure was manufactured using thre...

The head and neck is a challenging anatomic site for intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), requiring thorough testing of planning and treatment delivery systems. Ideally, the phantoms used should be anatomically realistic, have radiologic properties identical to those of the tissues concerned, and allow for the use of a variety of devices to verify dose and dose distribution in any targ...

Background: Radioiodine therapy has proven to be an effective method in the treatment of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma after thyroidectomy. The scope of this study is to describe a method to obtain the dose of organs using medical internal radiation dosimetry (MIRD) method. At the end, the results of MIRD calculations were compared with thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD...