a subgroup $x$ of a group $g$ is almost normal if the index $|g:n_g(x)|$ is finite, while $x$ is nearly normal if it has finite index in the normal closure $x^g$. this paper investigates the structure of groups in which every (infinite) subgroup is either almost normal or nearly normal.

This paper deals with inference in a class of stable but nearly-unstable processes. Autoregressive processes are considered, which the bridge between stability and instability is expressed by time-varying companion matrix $$A_{n}$$ spectral radius $$\rho (A_{n}) < 1$$ satisfying \rightarrow . framework particularly suitable to understand unit root issues focusing on inner boundary circle. Consi...

The exact confidence interval for is hypersensitive tominor violations of the normality assumption and its performance does not improvewith increasing sample size.An approximate confidence interval for is proposed and is shown to be nearly exact under normality with excellent small-sample properties under moderate nonnormality. The small-sample performance of the proposed interval may be furthe...

Using the model of random censorship, a necessary and sufficient condition for the consistency of the standard (actuarial) life table estimate of a survival distribution is derived. We establish the asymptotic normality of this estimate, showing that Greenwood's variance formula is nearly correct. In the case of a continuous survival distribution we establish limiting normality for the product ...

CASE SHOWING THE CONTAGIOUSNESS OF PHTHISIS. A man of thirty-four had been sick with phthisis about four years; gradually grew from bad to worse, until the usual end was reached. It was not until the last three or four months of his life that he was confined to his bed. He was fond of pets, and during these three or four mouths, it was hia fancy to have his dog in the room nearly all the time. ...

In psychological research sometimes non-parametric procedures are in use in cases, where the corresponding parametric procedure is preferable. This is mainly due to the fact that we pay too much attention to the possible violation of the normality assumption which is needed to derive the exact distribution of the statistic used in the parametric approach. An example is the t-test and its non-pa...

To test for equality of variances given two independent random samples from univariate normal populations, popular choices would be the two-sample F test and Levene’s test. The latter is a nonparametric test while the former is parametric: it is the likelihood ratio test, and also a Wald test. Another Wald test of interest is based on the difference in the sample variances. We give a nonparamet...

Data from turbulent numerical simulations of the global ocean demonstrate that the dissipation of kinetic energy obeys a nearly log-normal distribution even at large horizontal scales O(10  km). As the horizontal scales of resolved turbulence are larger than the ocean is deep, the Kolmogorov-Yaglom theory for intermittency in 3D homogeneous, isotropic turbulence cannot apply; instead, the down-...

Under some mild assumptions, the Berry-Esséen bound of frequency polygons for ϕ-mixing samples is presented. By the bound derived, we obtain the corresponding convergence rate of uniformly asymptotic normality, which is nearly [Formula: see text] under the given conditions.

many commonly used statistical methods require that the population distribution be nearly normal. unfortunately, in some papers the one-sample kolmogorov-smirnov test has been used for testing normality while the assumptions of applying this test are not satisfied. to conduct this test, it is assumed that the population distribution is fully specified. in practical situation where the mean and ...