The earliest stages of development in most metazoans are driven by maternally deposited proteins and mRNAs, with widespread transcriptional activation of the zygotic genome occurring hours after fertilization, at a period known as the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT). In Drosophila, the MZT is preceded by the transcription of a small number of genes that initiate sex determination, patterni...

The maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) is a process that occurs in animal embryos at the earliest developmental stages, during which maternally deposited mRNAs and other molecules are degraded and replaced by products of the zygotic genome. The zygotic genome is not activated immediately upon fertilization, and in the pre-MZT embryo post-transcriptional control by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) ...

OBJECTIVE To study the incidence of monozygotic twins (MZT) in blastocyst and cleavage stage ET. DESIGN Retrospective review. PATIENT(S) Four hundred ninety-six women undergoing IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles at a private assisted reproductive technology (ART) center. INTERVENTION(S) Patients undergoing ART were divided according to the stage of ET into blastocyst transfer (B...

The incidence of monozygotic twinning (MZT) is higher in pregnancies conceived after assisted reproduction than after natural conception. Alterations, produced by ovarian stimulation, in-vitro culture conditions and specifically alterations of zona pellucida are mentioned as possible causes of this phenomenon. A retrospective review was performed of the incidence of MZT in pregnancies generated...

Adult inbred mice of an isogenic strain (AKR/NHan or C57BL/6J Han) differ in social (sexual and agonistic), emotional and psychomotoric behavior, depending on the kind of manipulation to which they were subjected at an early ontogenetic stage. Monozygotic twins (MZT) from eight-cell stages halved and transferred to uterine foster mothers were compared with dizygotic twins (DZT) from nonreduced ...

Magnesium zirconate titanate (MZT) thin films, used as a sensing layer on Al interdigitated electrodes prepared using sol–gel spin-coating method, are demonstrated in this study. The p-type MZT/Al/SiO2/Si structure for NO2 is also discussed. results indicated that the best sensitivity of gas sensor occurred when it was operating at temperature ranging from 100 to 150 °C. detection limit low 250...

In animal embryos, control of development is passed from exclusively maternal gene products to those encoded by the embryonic genome in a process referred to as the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT). We show that the RNA-binding protein, ME31B, binds to and represses the expression of thousands of maternal mRNAs during the Drosophila MZT. However, ME31B carries out repression in different wa...

All animal embryos pass through a stage during which developmental control is handed from maternally provided gene products to those synthesized from the zygotic genome. This maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) has been extensively studied in model organisms, including echinoderms, nematodes, insects, fish, amphibians and mammals. In all cases, the MZT can be subdivided into two interrelated p...

BACKGROUND The use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) has been reported to increase the incidence of monozygotic twinning (MZT) compared with the incidence following natural conception. It has been hypothesized that splitting of the inner cell mass (ICM) through a small zona hole may result in MZT. In this study, using a cohort of patients undergoing preimplantation genetic diagnosis/scr...

We examine the interaction between stressful life events (SLE) and genotypes for the length polymorphism of the serotonin receptor gene (5HTTLPR) on risk of depression. We hypothesize that if the interaction is real, monozygotic twin pairs (MZT) homozygous for the short allele (SS) will have a greater within pair variance in depression measures than MZT homozygous for the long allele (LL), as a...