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Masseter muscle hypertrophy can be defined as a rare, asymptomatic, atypical amplification of the masseter muscle, moreover in unilateral or bilateral pattern which is manifested form an intensified mass. The treatment may not importance and just removal/correction etiological trigger factor responsible for it. Appropriate diagnosis management disease process should part teaching curriculum tau...

introduction anabolic-androgenic steroids (aas), a synthetic derivate of testosterone, have become a popular drug among athletes and bodybuilders to enhance muscle mass and improve the athletic performance. many pathological effects such as hepatic and endocrine dysfunction, behavioural changes and cardiovascular complications have been reported. case report within these ast ones, we find an in...

conclusions according to our multimodality imaging approach, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was the most probable diagnosis. case presentation we describe a 73-year-old woman referred to us for consultation because of a giant negative t wave on her electrocardiography. echocardiography revealed diffuse severe hypertrophy associated with hypertrophied anterolateral papillary muscles with a bifid he...

satellite cells (scs) are the most abundant skeletal muscle stem cells. they are widely recognized for their contributions to maintenance of muscle mass, regeneration and hypertrophy during the human life span. these cells are good candidates for cell therapy due to their self-renewal capabilities and presence in an undifferentiated form. presently, a significant gap exists between our knowledg...

The meaning of the hypertropy word is the increasing size.Heart hypertropy is symptoms of increase the thickness of the heart muscle that the left ventricular hypertrophy of them is the most common.The causes of hypertrophy heart disease are high blood pressure , aortic valve stenosis and sport activities respectively. Assessment of that by using ECG signal analysis is essential Because the ris...

Muscle function reflects muscular mitochondrial status, which, in turn, is an adaptive response to physical activity, representing improvements energy production for de novo biosynthesis or metabolic efficiency. Differences muscle performance are manifestations of the expression distinct contractile-protein isoforms and mitochondrial-energy substrate utilization. Powerful contractures require i...

Adult skeletal muscle possesses remarkable potential for growth in response to mechanical loading; however, many of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved remain undefined. The hypothesis of this study was that the extracellular serine protease, urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), is required for muscle hypertrophy, in part by promoting macrophage accumulation in muscle subjecte...

BACKGROUND Temporalis muscle hypertrophy is a rare entity of masticatory muscle hypertrophy. All types of masticatory muscle hypertrophies have been documented of which temporalis muscle hypertrophy is one. Temporalis muscle hypertrophy is most commonly bilateral and usually associated with other types of masticatory muscles hypertrophy such as masseter or pterygoid hypertrophy. However, isolat...