the central cholinergic system has been associated with cognitive function and memory and acetylcholine plays an important role during the early stages of memory consolidation. in this study, after training mice were tested with one way active avoidance procedure and retention were tested at 4, 8, 12, 16 and 24 hours of training and compared with non-shocked mice, in which it took 24 hours, a s...

up to date, there are four pharmacologically characterized subtypes of muscarinic receptors (m1, m2, m3 and m4). in our study we have investigated muscarinic receptor subtypes in smooth muscle layers of human stomach. isolated preparations of longitudinal and circular muscle layers from human stomach were used. acetylcholine, bethanechol, carbachol, pilocarpine and ahr -602 produced concentrati...

Abstract Objectives Peyronie’s disease (PD) is characterised by formation of a fibrotic plaque in the tunica albuginea which caused excessive myofibroblast presence and activity. A previous phenotypic screening campaign that tested 1,954 FDA-approved drugs for their ability to inhibit transformation PD-derived fibroblasts revealed 26 hits. Of these, we investigated following hits further; terfe...

Up to date, there are four pharmacologically characterized subtypes of muscarinic receptors (M1, M2, M3 and M4). In our study we have investigated muscarinic receptor subtypes in smooth muscle layers of human stomach. Isolated preparations of longitudinal and circular muscle layers from human stomach were used. Acetylcholine, bethanechol, carbachol, pilocarpine and AHR -602 produced concen...

Objective(s): Cells perform their functional activities by communicating with each other through endogenous substances and receptors. Post-translation, stem cells function properly in new host tissue by carrying specific cell surface receptors. We aimed to characterize muscarinic receptor subtypes in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) together with osteogenic and adipogenic...

Introduction: Learning and memory processes result from interaction of neurotransmitter systems in various brain regions such as amygdala and hippocampus. Considering that morphine induces memory impairment, in the current study, we examined the possible role of cholinergic muscarinic receptors of the central amygdala (CeA) on the morphine-induced amnesia in adult male Wistar rats. Methods...

Degeneration of the cholinergic system is considered to be the underlying pathology that results in the cognitive deficit in Alzheimer's disease. This pathology is thought to be linked to a loss of signaling through the cholinergic M(1)-muscarinic receptor subtype. However, recent studies have cast doubt on whether this is the primary receptor mediating cholinergic-hippocampal learning and memo...

Members of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor family (M1-M5) are known to be involved in a great number of important central and peripheral physiological and pathophysiological processes. Because of the overlapping expression patterns of the M1-M5 muscarinic receptor subtypes and the lack of ligands endowed with sufficient subtype selectivity, the precise physiological functions of the indiv...