the use of multilateral well is becoming an emerging method to improve oil recovery efficiently and to drain reservoirs more efficacious. by developing drilling technology, completing the oil wells as multilateral wells become more interesting especially from economic point of view. on the other hand, lack of any means for forecasting the performance of this type of wells causes drilling of the...

The use of multilateral well is becoming an emerging method to improve oil recovery efficiently and to drain reservoirs more efficacious. By developing drilling technology, completing the oil wells as multilateral wells become more interesting especially from economic point of view. On the other hand, lack of any means for forecasting the performance of this type of wells causes drilling of...

This paper provides a political economy theory of multilateral aid allocation. We argue that the allocation of multilateral aid depends on the heterogeneity of its member states’ interests as well as on the formation of interest coalitions which can overcome the collective action problems inherent in intergovernmental bodies. Whereas member states delegate aid to multilateral institutions in or...

Multilateral wells have been increasingly used in recent years by different industries such as the oil- and gas industry (incl. coal-bed methane (CBM)) geothermal energy production. The common purpose of these oil partially is to achieve a higher production rate per well without increasing hydraulic gradient significantly. In systems ultimate objective improve heat extraction performance enhanc...

Abstract A novel multilateral well for coalbed methane extraction was proposed in the study. There is a main wellbore at longitudinal center of coal seam and four lateral wells horizontal multilateral-well system. Compared with traditional drainage holes, system has better performance on development. hydraulic-mechanical coupling model established, pressure permeability ratio distribution gas p...

n research and development (R&D) alliances, the partner firms must balance the tension between knowledge sharing and knowledge leakages because knowledge sharing, designed to support the alliance's technology development goals, can often lead to unintended and potentially damaging knowledge leakages. Governance structure is a well-understood knowledge protection strategy designed to reduce know...

The well-known question whether regional trade agreements (RTAs) and the multilateral trading system (MTS) are “strangers, friends, or foes” (Bhagwati and Panagariya, 1996) has gained new importance with the widespread proliferation of RTAs in recent years. Based on an extensive data set which covers most of world trade over the past 60 years and about 240 regional trade agreements, we analyze ...

The well-known question whether regional trade agreements (RTAs) and the multilateral trading system (MTS) are “strangers, friends, or foes” (Bhagwati and Panagariya, 1996) has gained new importance with the widespread proliferation of RTAs in recent years. Based on an extensive data set which covers most of world trade over the past 60 years and about 240 regional trade agreements, we analyze ...

the multilateral trading system as a sub-system of the present international system from its beginning as gatt in 1947, after scond world war, until now have been criticized by different countries. with the conversion of gatt into the wto in 1994, not only dissatisfaction of the countries with the performance of multilateral trading system have not gone away, but in many cases also have increas...