background: the airway surfaces are one of the most common ways of entry of infectious agents. oral cavity associated lymphoid tissues are inductive site of humoral immune responses in inflammatory and infectious disorders of the upper respiratory tract. these lymphoid tissues play important roles in the induction of salivary iga. the impact of upper respiratory tract diseases on salivary iga p...

Most infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic infiltrations from the mucosal tract. Nowadays, the use of vaccines has been widely investigated for the prevention of different infectious diseases, infertility, immune disorders, malignancies, and allergies. Broad-spectrum adjuvant substances have been studied for immune system stimulation with a greater efficiency against specific antigens. V...

background: ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) increases the cost of intensive care unit (icu) treatment and the chance of mortality. due to the increasing use of proton pump inhibitors (ppi) and h2 receptor inhibitors for stress ulcer prophylaxis, the purpose of the study was to investigate the differences of vap in two groups of patients receiving ppi or h2 blocker. methods: in the retrosp...