The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) derives minimal risk levels (MRLs) for priority hazardous substances. MRLs are health guidance values intended to serve as screening levels for health assessors to select contaminants of concern and to assess potential health effects at hazardous waste sites and areas affected by unplanned releases. Current MRLs are published in ATSDR...

BACKGROUND Early intervention to reduce the effects of congenital hearing loss requires accurate description of hearing loss. In pediatric audiology, a cross-check principle is used to compare behavioral and physiological tests. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the correspondence of visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA) minimal response levels (MRLs), otoacoustic emissions...

Maximum residue levels (MRLs) regulations in plant products can create unnecessary trade barriers on one hand and enhance demand via risk mitigation or quality assurance on the other. We stipulate a generalized gravity equation model to disentangle the effects of MRLs on the import demand and foreign exporters’ supply. Applying the framework to the MRLs on pesticides imposed by high-income OECD...

The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) derives health based guidance values called minimal risk levels (MRLs) to assist with assessment of risks posed by exposures to hazardous chemicals. Current MRLs are posted on ATSDR's web site (www.atsdr.cdc.gov). From the total 326 MRLs currently posted, 79 MRLs are based on hepatic endpoints. The paper reports on endpoints used for ...

The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) derives health-based guidance values called minimal risk levels (MRLs) to assist with assessment of risks posed by exposures to hazardous chemicals. From the total of 326 MRLs currently posted on ATSDR's web site (www.atsdr.cdc.gov), 14 and 5 MRLs are based on reproductive and endocrine endpoints, respectively. The paper also describe...

The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Reg­ istry (ATSDR) derives minimal risk levels (MRLs) to assist in evaluating risk of adverse health effects in individuals exposed to hazardous substances. MRLs are derived from published values identifying no-ob­ served-adverse-effect levels (NOAELs) or lowest-ob­ served-adverse-effect levels (LOAELs) in animal or hu­ man studies. The most sensitive...

The agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) uses substance-specific minimal risk levels (MRLs) to assist in evaluating public health risks associated with exposure to hazardous substances. By definition, "MRLs are estimates of daily human exposure to a chemical that are likely to be without an appreciable risk of adverse noncancer health effects over a specified duration of exp...

The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) uses chemical-specific minimal risk levels (MRLs) to assist in evaluating public health risks associated with exposure to hazardous substances. MRLs are estimates of daily human exposure to a chemical that are likely to be without an appreciable risk of adverse noncancer health effects over a specified duration of exposure. MRLs serve...

Reviewing the mare reproductive loss syndrome (MRLS), it is proposed that the fundamental mechanism of this syndrome, which includes early fetal loss, late fetal loss, uveitis, pericarditis, and encephalitis, is tissue penetration by septic barbed setal fragments (septic penetrating setae) from Eastern tent caterpillars (Malacosoma americanum). Once ingested, these barbed setal fragments migrat...

The term Morphologically Rich Languages (MRLs) refers to languages in which significant information concerning syntactic units and relations is expressed at word-level. There is ample evidence that the application of readily available statistical parsing models to such languages is susceptible to serious performance degradation. The first workshop on statistical parsing of MRLs hosts a variety ...