The tropical Asian cyprinid genus Puntius is a major part of the ichthyofauna in Southeast Asia. Systematic status of the genus Puntius among Cyprinidae, the most prominent freshwater fish all over the world, remain to be substantiated. The molecular phylogenetic analyses derived from Recombination activating genesequences (RAG2) for 35 representative samples of Malaysian Puntius and their alli...

Abstract Passalini comprises 209 species divided into six genera. To date there is no published work that addresses the phylogenetic relationships among genera of Passalini. Additionally, monophyly Passalus , largest genus tribe (81% its species) contested. We performed a analysis based on morphological data and partial sequence 16S ribosomal subunit, to elucidate Passalini, test their monophyl...

The observation of monophyly for a specified set of genealogical lineages is often used to place the lineages into a distinctive taxonomic entity. However, it is sometimes possible that monophyly of the lineages can occur by chance as an outcome of the random branching of lineages within a single taxon. Thus, especially for small samples, an observation of monophyly for a set of lineages--even ...

the tropical asian cyprinid genus puntius is a major part of the ichthyofauna in southeast asia. systematic status of the genus puntius among cyprinidae, the most prominent freshwater fish all over the world, remain to be substantiated. the molecular phylogenetic analyses derived from recombination activating genesequences (rag2) for 35 representative samples of malaysian puntius and their alli...

Jablonski and Finarelli (1) suggest that morphogenera, even when they are nonmonophyletic, serve as good representatives for large-scale evolutionary studies. We feel there are two issues that warrant further discussion. First, the test used to evaluate the effect of using nonmonophyletic groups for macroevolutionary studies was not conservative and thus does not provide strong evidence about t...

Background. The monophyly of taxa is an important attribute of a phylogenetic tree. A lack of it may hint at shortcomings of either the tree or the current taxonomy, or can indicate cases of incomplete lineage sorting or horizontal gene transfer. Whichever is the reason, a lack of monophyly can misguide subsequent analyses. While monophyly is conceptually simple, it is manually tedious and time...

Whereas most traditional classifications identify Ischnocera as a major suborder of lice in the order Phthiraptera, a recent molecular study based on one gene did not recover monophyly of Ischnocera. In this study we test the monophyly of Ischnocera using sequences of portions of three different genes: two nuclear (EF1 alpha and 18S) and one mitochondrial (COI). Analysis of EF1 alpha and COI se...