Symbols have a wide variety of expressions, from crests to flags, tattoos clothes, books inscriptions, coins seals, and they been the source visual communication used in every stage history. In this context, action symbolism which started with murals cave periods accepted as basis today's semiotic science. On other hand, examples graphic design its historical development existence help us under...

A new paradigm for the comparison of size functions is presented; it stresses the relevance of the “angular points” of the functions, and gives greater value to the stable ones. A simple example of classification of monograms (88 elements in the training set, 88 in the test set, for 22 classes, with a hit rate of 78%) is given, and a current enhancement of the experiment is described.

toppling failure is one of the most common modes of failure of rock slopes in layered rock strata. flexural toppling is one of the well-known modes of the failure. this type of failure occurs due to bending stress. in this article, a brief yet comprehensive review of toppling failure is presented. firstly, the conditions and general mechanism of the failure are described. then, experimental, th...

This overview of Sasanian stuccoes includes sites divided chronologically – without losing sight the regional premises. The iconographic repertoire found in hitherto had been then catalogued ornamental, plant, figural, animal, and monograms. Noteworthy is paragraph on transmission architectural decorations. Although just a few motifs influenced Byzantine decorative language, several were transm...

To improve recognition accuracy for large vocabulary speech recognition systems we use language models based on linguistic classes (extended POS). In this paper an adaptation technique is presented, which profits from linguistic knowledge about unknown words of new domain. Switching from basis domain to new domain we keep the bigram probabilities of linguistic classes fixed and adapt only monog...

In the research of historical Japanese documents, examination of kaou monograms plays a very important role for specifying the author’s identity and the genuineness of the document. This work aims to develop a kaou search/browsing system usable via World Wide Web (WWW), for aiding the research of historical documents. One of the requirements to the system is that the kaou images should be retri...

In this paper, the issue of adding diacritics Tashkeel to undiacritized Arabic text using statistical methods for language modeling is addressed. The approach requires a large corpus of fully diacritized text for extracting the language monograms, bigrams, and trigrams for words and letters. Search algorithms are then used o find the best probable sequence of diacritized words of a given undiac...

artists; signatures and monograms, an international directory. Castagno, John. Scarecrow Pr., ©2007 567 p. $225.00 Castagno, a multimedia artist and sculptor and author of other books in the Artists’ Signatures and Monograms series, presents a reference for identifying, authenticating, and verifying signatures and works of wellknown and little-known abstract artists. About 2,300 painters, print...