background: natural endometrium in frozen-thawed embryo transfer (fet) may have some benefits upon implantation in patients with repeated implantation failure (rif). it might be due to possible differences between natural and stimulated endometrial growth factors and cytokins secretions. objective: the objective of this study was to compare the pregnancy rate of fet on modified natural cycle ve...

Background: The objective of this study was to compare the pregnancy rate of Frozen-thawed Embryo Transfer (FET) on natural versus hormone replacement therapy (HRT) cycle endometrium, in patients with repeated IVF failure (RIF). Materials and Methods: In this observational study, the pregnancy rate after FET on natural endometrium in patients with RIF and previously poor endometrium (<7mm) on H...

BACKGROUND Natural endometrium in Frozen-thawed Embryo Transfer (FET) may have some benefits upon implantation in patients with Repeated Implantation Failure (RIF). It might be due to possible differences between natural and stimulated endometrial growth factors and cytokins secretions. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare the pregnancy rate of FET on modified natural cycle ve...

Background: Endometriosis is a gynecological disease associated with severe pelvic pain and infertility. Immunological changes that occur in patients with endometriosis include reduced natural killer cell and T-lymphocyte cytotoxicity in the peritoneal fluid, and an elevated number of activated macrophages. MIF via its receptor, CD74, initiates a signaling cascade that leads to proliferation an...

the purpose of this study was to investigate and compare whether the explant supernatants prepared from endometrial tissues during the proliferative phase, secretory phase and early pregnancy differ in immunosuppressive activity. specimens of nonpregnant endometrium from hysterectomies and normal first trimester decidua following elective aspiration termination of pregnancy were obtained. super...

Apoptosis plays a significant role in differentiation of many organs and helps to maintain homeostasis. The occurrence of apoptosis (using the apoptotic index) and expression of regulation protein Bcl-2 in the human endometrium was evaluated within the secretory phase of both the natural cycle, and an artificial one. Oral hormonal substitution used in this design induced similar, but more marke...

objective: the appropriate interaction between a blastocyst and the endometrium is essential for successful implantation. numerous factors, including hormone receptors (progesterone receptor), cytokines [leukemia inhibitory factors (lif)], and adherence molecules such as e-cadherin are involved in the cross-talk that occurs between the embryo and endometrium. studies show that a lack of these g...

26 27 Background: The adjunction of exogenous hormones for controlled ovarian stimulation 28 (COS) may alter endometrial receptiveness. In order to identify the genes mis-regulated under 29 COS, we compared the endometrium gene expression profiles, from the same patients, in a 30 natural cycle and in a subsequent COS cycle. Methods: For the same normal-responder 31 patients (n=21), endometrial ...

objective: to evaluate effects ofg-csf on a cancelled art cycle due to thin endometrium. materials and methods: in a nonrandomized clinical trial from january 2011 to january 2013 in two tertiary university based hospitals fifteen patients undergoing embryo transfer and with the history of cycle cancellation due to thin endometrium were studied. intrauterine infusion of g-csf was done on the da...

In cattle, conceptus-maternal interactions are critical for the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. A major component of this early interaction involves the transport of nutrients and secretion of key molecules by uterine epithelial cells to help support conceptus development during the peri-implantation period of pregnancy. Objectives were to: 1) analyze temporal changes in the amino a...